{"slug":"advanced-photovoltaics","topic":"advanced-photovoltaics","title":"Perovskite & Tandem Photovoltaics: State of the Field (October 2026)","summary":"This dossier covers perovskite single-junction cells, perovskite-silicon and all-perovskite tandems, their efficiency records, stability work and scale-up. The main takeaway is that laboratory perovskite-silicon tandems now report efficiencies above the single-junction detailed-balance limit of roughly 33 percent, while field durability, standardized stability reporting and large-area uniformity remain the binding constraints.","version":1,"published_at":"2026-10-30","updated_at":"2026-10-30","stats":{"words":2970,"citations":50,"claims":30,"timeline":15,"benchmarks":8,"open_problems":6,"key_papers":15,"glossary":12},"verification":{"status":"verified","method":"automated figure and citation-relevance triage against cited abstracts, plus targeted AI review with web checks of flagged statements; automated citation resolution","claims_checked":9,"issues_fixed":5,"verified_at":"2026-10-30"},"ai_assisted":true,"price":{"usd":"0.20","protocol":"x402","network":"eip155:84532","asset":"USDC"},"url":"https://space-kitty.com/dossiers/advanced-photovoltaics","preview_url":"https://space-kitty.com/api/v1/dossiers/advanced-photovoltaics/preview","purchase_url":"https://space-kitty.com/api/v1/dossiers/advanced-photovoltaics","toc":[{"level":2,"text":"Executive summary","anchor":"executive-summary"},{"level":2,"text":"Background and core concepts","anchor":"background-and-core-concepts"},{"level":2,"text":"Timeline of key milestones","anchor":"timeline-of-key-milestones"},{"level":2,"text":"State of the art","anchor":"state-of-the-art"},{"level":3,"text":"Single-junction devices: composition, interfaces and passivation","anchor":"single-junction-devices-composition-interfaces-and-passivation"},{"level":3,"text":"Perovskite-silicon tandems","anchor":"perovskite-silicon-tandems"},{"level":3,"text":"All-perovskite tandems","anchor":"all-perovskite-tandems"},{"level":3,"text":"Stability and degradation","anchor":"stability-and-degradation"},{"level":3,"text":"Scale-up and manufacturing","anchor":"scale-up-and-manufacturing"},{"level":3,"text":"Lead-free absorbers and modelling","anchor":"lead-free-absorbers-and-modelling"},{"level":3,"text":"Quantitative benchmarks","anchor":"quantitative-benchmarks"},{"level":2,"text":"Open problems and active debates","anchor":"open-problems-and-active-debates"},{"level":2,"text":"Major programs and players","anchor":"major-programs-and-players"},{"level":2,"text":"Outlook: what to watch (near term)","anchor":"outlook-what-to-watch-near-term"},{"level":2,"text":"Key papers","anchor":"key-papers"},{"level":2,"text":"Glossary","anchor":"glossary"}],"sample_claims":["Organometal halide perovskites were introduced as visible-light sensitizers for photovoltaic cells in 2009.","Solid-state mesoscopic perovskite cells had passed 9% efficiency by 2012."],"includes":["markdown","claims","timeline","benchmarks","open_problems","key_papers","glossary","bibliography"],"citation_count":50,"how_to_buy":"GET https://space-kitty.com/api/v1/dossiers/advanced-photovoltaics with an x402 client ($0.20, USDC on Base Sepolia (testnet))."}