{"id":"doi:10.1080/01652176.2025.2603307","kind":"article","title":"Influence of the administration route and dose on the expression and antibody responses of a reporter and avian influenza self-amplifying mRNA vaccine in poultry","authors":["Snoeck J","Cui X","Vervaeke P","Sanders NN","Garmyn A"],"author_count":5,"year":2026,"published":"2026-01-06","venue":"The veterinary quarterly","cited_by":0,"doi":"10.1080/01652176.2025.2603307","arxiv_id":null,"nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2025.2603307","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1080/01652176.2025.2603307","updated":null,"pmid":"41496565","pmcid":"PMC12781945","openalex_id":null,"pdf_url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC12781945/pdf","abstract":"Vaccination is routinely used in industrial poultry to control infectious diseases. Vaccines based on mRNA and self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) are approved for human use, but research on their application in poultry is limited. In this study the saRNA vaccine platform is evaluated in poultry. First, a luciferase-encoding saRNA (luc-saRNA) was tested as a model vaccine across different administration routes and doses in broilers. High luciferase expression, and anti-luciferase antibodies were observed after intramuscular (IM), subcutaneous (SC), and in ovo (IO) administration. After a second Luc-saRNA injection, seroconversion rates and antibody titers increased in the IM and SC group to almost 100%. Higher doses of Luc-saRNA increased luciferase production. However, they did not linearly increase antibody production, as all tested doses (0.20-5.0 µg) elicited an equipotent immune response. A vaccination experiment with saRNA encoding the hemagglutinin head-domain (HA-HD) of H5N1 avian influenza showed hemagglutinin inhibition (HI) titers that are indicative for protection after a single injection and these titers remained above the protective threshold during 6 weeks without boosting. When boosted, the HI titers increased four-fold. This study confirms effective protein translation and immune response induction in chickens with IM or SC administered saRNA-LNPs, even at the lowest dose of 0.20 µg.","abstract_license":"CC-BY (article license as recorded by Europe PMC; abstract reproduced unmodified apart from markup removal)","license":"CC-BY","is_open_access":true,"retracted":false,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":[],"details":null,"provenance":"europepmc","attribution":"Abstract of \"Influence of the administration route and dose on the expression and antibody responses of a reporter and avian influenza self-amplifying mRNA vaccine in poultry\" by Snoeck J, Cui X, Vervaeke P et al., https://doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2025.2603307, used under its Creative Commons Attribution license (CC-BY); markup removed, otherwise unmodified.","topics":[{"slug":"mrna-cancer-vaccines","name":"mRNA Therapeutics & Cancer Vaccines","domain_slug":"medicine"}],"cited_in_dossiers":[]}