{"id":"doi:10.1080/19490976.2026.2652460","kind":"article","title":"Gut microbiota-associated nutritional-immune status predicts prognosis in postoperative NSCLC patients","authors":["Yu Q","Chen A","Yi J","Iqbal M","Tang Z","Ge H","Hu Y","Liu W","Zheng L","Tang J","Xiang J"],"author_count":11,"year":2026,"published":"2026-04-03","venue":"Gut microbes","cited_by":1,"doi":"10.1080/19490976.2026.2652460","arxiv_id":null,"nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2026.2652460","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1080/19490976.2026.2652460","updated":null,"pmid":"41933285","pmcid":"PMC13051591","openalex_id":null,"pdf_url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC13051591/pdf","abstract":"Background Surgical resection is the primary treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with stages I and II; however, the postoperative prognosis varies among individuals. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) reflects the nutritional-immune status of patients, but its microbial determinants remain unclear. Methods PNI was analyzed in a cohort of 372 retrospective and 139 prospective NSCLC patients. This analysis integrated gut microbiota signatures using 16S rRNA sequencing, fecal metabolomics, and murine fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) models. Results A PNI value of ≥46.2 stratified postoperative NSCLC patients with improved 5-y survival (HR = 0.3889, 95% CI 0.2840-0.5356, p < 0.001). Patients with a high PNI showed enrichment of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing taxa, such as Akkermansia and Eubacterium hallii , and elevated butyrate/isovalerate levels, correlating with increased infiltration of CD8 + T cells (Pearson r = 0.51, p = 0.02). FMT from high-PNI patients reduced lung tumor growth in mice compared with FMT from low-PNI patients (7.2 vs 18 nodules, p = 0.01). Oral administration of A. muciniphila or/and E. hallii or butyrate suppressed tumor growth and enhanced CD8 + tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) ( p < 0.001). Conclusion PNI and its linked gut microbiota‒SCFA axis are clinically prognostic biomarkers and potential immunomodulatory targets for early-stage NSCLC. Targeting this axis may serve as a promising coadjuvant strategy for NSCLC patients undergoing surgical resection.","abstract_license":"CC-BY (article license as recorded by Europe PMC; abstract reproduced unmodified apart from markup removal)","license":"CC-BY","is_open_access":true,"retracted":false,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":[],"details":null,"provenance":"europepmc","attribution":"Abstract of \"Gut microbiota-associated nutritional-immune status predicts prognosis in postoperative NSCLC patients\" by Yu Q, Chen A, Yi J et al., https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2026.2652460, used under its Creative Commons Attribution license (CC-BY); markup removed, otherwise unmodified.","topics":[{"slug":"cancer-immunotherapy","name":"Cancer Immunotherapy","domain_slug":"medicine"}],"cited_in_dossiers":[]}