{"id":"doi:10.1186/2162-3619-1-36","kind":"review","title":"CD19: a biomarker for B cell development, lymphoma diagnosis and therapy","authors":["Wang K","Wei G","Liu D"],"author_count":3,"year":2012,"published":"2012-11-29","venue":"Experimental hematology & oncology","cited_by":455,"doi":"10.1186/2162-3619-1-36","arxiv_id":null,"nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2162-3619-1-36","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1186/2162-3619-1-36","updated":null,"pmid":"23210908","pmcid":"PMC3520838","openalex_id":null,"pdf_url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3520838/pdf","abstract":"The human CD19 antigen is a 95 kd transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily. CD19 is classified as a type I transmembrane protein, with a single transmembrane domain, a cytoplasmic C-terminus, and extracellular N-terminus. CD19 is a biomarker for normal and neoplastic B cells, as well as follicular dendritic cells. CD19 is critically involved in establishing intrinsic B cell signaling thresholds through modulating both B cell receptor-dependent and independent signaling. CD19 functions as the dominant signaling component of a multimolecular complex on the surface of mature B cells, alongside complement receptor CD21, and the tetraspanin membrane protein CD81 (TAPA-1), as well as CD225. Through study of CD19 transgenic and knockout mouse models, it becomes clear that CD19 plays a critical role in maintaining the balance between humoral, antigen-induced response and tolerance induction. This review also summarized latest clinical development of CD19 antibodies, anti-B4-bR (an immunotoxin conjugate), blinatumomab (BiTE), and SAR3419 (huB4-DM4), a novel antibody-drug conjugate.","abstract_license":"CC-BY (article license as recorded by Europe PMC; abstract reproduced unmodified apart from markup removal)","license":"CC-BY","is_open_access":true,"retracted":false,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":[],"details":null,"provenance":"europepmc","attribution":"Abstract of \"CD19: a biomarker for B cell development, lymphoma diagnosis and therapy\" by Wang K, Wei G, Liu D, https://doi.org/10.1186/2162-3619-1-36, used under its Creative Commons Attribution license (CC-BY); markup removed, otherwise unmodified.","topics":[{"slug":"cancer-immunotherapy","name":"Cancer Immunotherapy","domain_slug":"medicine"}],"cited_in_dossiers":[{"slug":"cancer-immunotherapy","title":"Cancer Immunotherapy: State of the Field (October 2026)","url":"https://space-kitty.com/dossiers/cancer-immunotherapy"}]}