{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22655942","kind":"article","title":"Nuclear-Electromagnetic Coupling (NEC) Theory: A Multi-Level Unified Framework for Superconductivity — Exploration of Cross-Scale Coupling Mechanisms toward Room-Temperature and Atmospheric-Pressure Superconductivity","authors":["Wuyuan Zhuang"],"author_count":1,"year":2026,"published":"2026-09-10","venue":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","cited_by":0,"doi":"10.5281/zenodo.22655942","arxiv_id":null,"nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22655942","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.5281/zenodo.22655942","updated":null,"pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W7212106851","pdf_url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes the NEC (Nuclear-Electromagnetic Coupling) multi-level nuclear-electromagnetic coupling unified theory of superconductivity, a fundamental theory of superconductivity independent of the BCS framework. BCS theory is built upon the Migdal theorem approximation, treating atomic nuclei as rigid point-ion cores that merely provide phonons, thereby systematically neglecting the independent perturbations exerted on extranuclear electrons by the nucleus's intrinsic electromagnetic multipole structure, thermal fluctuations, and instantaneous multipole fluctuations. Starting from three first-principles axioms, NEC theory demonstrates that atomic nuclei exert on extranuclear electrons an electromagnetic coupling channel independent of lattice phonons. On this foundation, it constructs a five-level electromagnetic nesting model spanning quarks—atomic nuclei—atomic core electrons—lattice ions—macroscopic condensed states, extending the microscopic origin of superconductivity from a single \"electron–phonon coupling\" to a multi-level synergistic coupling among \"electrons–lattice–nuclei.\" The central claim of NEC theory is that the key constraint limiting the superconducting critical temperature arises from the total random electromagnetic perturbation exerted by atomic nuclei on the extranuclear conducting electrons. This total perturbation is a multi-factor composite effect, including static electric multipole distortion, nuclear spin precession, thermal vibration of the nuclear center of mass, and instantaneous fluctuation wobbling; the static electric quadrupole moment is merely one contribution and the two are not proportional. In the native state, the motions and orientations of a large number of nuclei are completely random and disordered, and such random fluctuations efficiently cause phase decoherence of Cooper pairs, suppressing the critical temperature. The essence of low-temperature superconducting stability is the full suppression of thermal perturbations and random fluctuations at the nuclear level, closing the destructive channel of direct nucleus–electron coupling; the microscopic origin of superconducting quench lies in the asymmetric oscillations and random fluctuations at the nuclear level tearing apart the paired coherent state through direct nucleus–electron coupling. Within this framework, BCS theory corresponds to the special limit of \"fully frozen nuclear perturbations with the nuclear-level coupling channel closed,\" being a subset special case of NEC theory. NEC theory provides a unified explanation for conventional low-temperature superconductivity, cuprate/iron-based high-temperature superconductivity, high-pressure hydrogen-rich hydride superconductivity, and the persistent non-superconductivity of noble metals such as copper, silver, and gold at extremely low temperatures—phenomena that BCS cannot self-consistently explain. By introducing core physical quantities including the nuclear electric quadrupole moment Q, the multipole characteristic frequency ω_mp, the electron–multipole coupling constant λ_mp, and the structural order parameter s, it provides computable material screening criteria. It further proposes five discriminating experimental paths testable under existing experimental conditions, endowing the theory with bidirectional falsifiability. NEC theory further advances a core extrapolation conjecture: drawing on the spin-orientation manipulation concept of nuclear magnetic resonance, multi-level, multi-frequency external electromagnetic fields are used to drive atomic nuclei in the system into collective synchronized oscillation and orientation alignment, converting random fluctuations into globally synchronized perturbations and closing random decoherence channels, thereby attempting to break through the intrinsic critical temperature ceiling of materials and explore the path toward room-temperature and atmospheric-pressure superconductivity.","abstract_license":"CC-BY (publisher license, via OpenAlex)","license":"cc-by","is_open_access":true,"retracted":false,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex","attribution":"Abstract of \"Nuclear-Electromagnetic Coupling (NEC) Theory: A Multi-Level Unified Framework for Superconductivity — Exploration of Cross-Scale Coupling Mechanisms toward Room-Temperature and Atmospheric-Pressure Superconductivity\" by Wuyuan Zhuang, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22655942, used under its Creative Commons Attribution license (CC-BY); markup removed, otherwise unmodified.","topics":[{"slug":"room-temperature-claims","name":"Room-Temperature Superconductivity Claims & Replication","domain_slug":"superconductivity"}],"cited_in_dossiers":[]}