{"topic":"2d-materials","sort":"top","limit":25,"offset":0,"count":25,"papers":[{"id":"arxiv:1307.6718","kind":"article","title":"Van der Waals heterostructures","authors":["A. K. Geim","I. V. Grigorieva"],"author_count":2,"year":2013,"published":"2013-07-25","venue":"Nature 499, 419-425 (2013)","cited_by":10926,"doi":"10.1038/nature12385","arxiv_id":"1307.6718","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1307.6718","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1307.6718","updated":"2013-07-25","pmid":"23887427","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2096421416","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1307.6718","abstract":"Research on graphene and other two-dimensional atomic crystals is intense and likely to remain one of the hottest topics in condensed matter physics and materials science for many years. Looking beyond this field, isolated atomic planes can also be reassembled into designer heterostructures made layer by layer in a precisely chosen sequence. The first - already remarkably complex - such heterostructures (referred to as 'van der Waals') have recently been fabricated and investigated revealing unusual properties and new phenomena. Here we review this emerging research area and attempt to identify future directions. With steady improvement in fabrication techniques, van der Waals heterostructures promise a new gold rush, rather than a graphene aftershock.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["cond-mat.mtrl-sci","cond-mat.mes-hall"],"details":null,"provenance":"arxiv+openalex","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1608.03059","kind":"review","title":"2D materials and van der Waals heterostructures","authors":["Kostya S. Novoselov","Artem Mishchenko","Alexandra Carvalho","A. H. Castro Neto"],"author_count":4,"year":2016,"published":"2016-07-28","venue":"Science","cited_by":7465,"doi":"10.1126/science.aac9439","arxiv_id":"1608.03059","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aac9439","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1608.03059","updated":"2016-08-10","pmid":"27471306","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2498106012","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1608.03059","abstract":"The physics of two-dimensional (2D) materials and heterostructures based on such crystals has been developing extremely fast. With new 2D materials, truly 2D physics has started to appear (e.g. absence of long-range order, 2D excitons, commensurate-incommensurate transition, etc). Novel heterostructure devices are also starting to appear - tunneling transistors, resonant tunneling diodes, light emitting diodes, etc. Composed from individual 2D crystals, such devices utilize the properties of those crystals to create functionalities that are not accessible to us in other heterostructures. We review the properties of novel 2D crystals and how their properties are used in new heterostructure devices.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["2D Materials and Applications"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1802.00553","kind":"article","title":"Correlated insulator behaviour at half-filling in magic-angle graphene superlattices","authors":["Yuan Cao","Valla Fatemi","Ahmet Demir","Shiang Fang","Spencer Tomarken","Jason Y. Luo","Javier Sanchez-Yamagishi","Kenji Watanabe","Takashi Taniguchi","Efthimios Kaxiras","R. C. Ashoori","Pablo Jarillo‐Herrero"],"author_count":12,"year":2018,"published":"2018-03-05","venue":"Nature","cited_by":4884,"doi":"10.1038/nature26154","arxiv_id":"1802.00553","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nature26154","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1802.00553","updated":"2018-02-02","pmid":"29512654","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2787584289","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1802.00553","abstract":"Van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures are an emergent class of metamaterials comprised of vertically stacked two-dimensional (2D) building blocks, which provide us with a vast tool set to engineer their properties on top of the already rich tunability of 2D materials. One of the knobs, the twist angle between different layers, plays a crucial role in the ultimate electronic properties of a vdW heterostructure and does not have a direct analog in other systems such as MBE-grown semiconductor heterostructures. For small twist angles, the moiré pattern produced by the lattice misorientation creates a long-range modulation. So far, the study of the effect of twist angles in vdW heterostructures has been mostly concentrated in graphene/hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) twisted structures, which exhibit relatively weak interlayer interaction due to the presence of a large bandgap in h-BN. Here we show that when two graphene sheets are twisted by an angle close to the theoretically predicted 'magic angle', the resulting flat band structure near charge neutrality gives rise to a strongly-correlated electronic system. These flat bands exhibit half-filling insulating phases at zero magnetic field, which we show to be a Mott-like insulator arising from electrons localized in the moiré superlattice. These unique properties of magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (TwBLG) open up a new playground for exotic many-body quantum phases in a 2D platform made of pure carbon and without magnetic field. The easy accessibility of the flat bands, the electrical tunability, and the bandwidth tunability though twist angle may pave the way towards more exotic correlated systems, such as unconventional superconductors or quantum spin liquids.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Graphene research and applications"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"doi:10.1038/natrevmats.2016.42","kind":"review","title":"Van der Waals heterostructures and devices","authors":["Yuan Liu","Nathan O. Weiss","Xidong Duan","Hung‐Chieh Cheng","Yu Huang","Xiangfeng Duan"],"author_count":6,"year":2016,"published":"2016-07-12","venue":"Nature Reviews Materials","cited_by":2813,"doi":"10.1038/natrevmats.2016.42","arxiv_id":null,"nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/natrevmats.2016.42","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1038/natrevmats.2016.42","updated":null,"pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2475096219","pdf_url":null,"abstract":null,"abstract_license":null,"license":null,"is_open_access":false,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["2D Materials and Applications"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex","attribution":"Metadata and citation counts: OpenAlex (CC0)."},{"id":"doi:10.1038/nnano.2015.340","kind":"review","title":"Catalysis with two-dimensional materials and their heterostructures","authors":["Dehui Deng","Kostya S. Novoselov","Qiang Fu","Nanfeng Zheng","Zhong‐Qun Tian","Xinhe Bao"],"author_count":6,"year":2016,"published":"2016-03-01","venue":"Nature Nanotechnology","cited_by":2312,"doi":"10.1038/nnano.2015.340","arxiv_id":null,"nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2015.340","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1038/nnano.2015.340","updated":null,"pmid":"26936816","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2292770293","pdf_url":null,"abstract":null,"abstract_license":null,"license":null,"is_open_access":false,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Graphene research and applications"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex","attribution":"Metadata and citation counts: OpenAlex (CC0)."},{"id":"arxiv:1407.6395","kind":"article","title":"Ultrafast charge transfer in atomically thin MoS2/WS2 heterostructures","authors":["Xiaoping Hong","Jonghwan Kim","Su‐Fei Shi","Yu Zhang","Chenhao Jin","Yinghui Sun","Sefaattin Tongay","Junqiao Wu","Yanfeng Zhang","Feng Wang"],"author_count":10,"year":2014,"published":"2014-08-24","venue":"Nature Nanotechnology","cited_by":2309,"doi":"10.1038/nnano.2014.167","arxiv_id":"1407.6395","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2014.167","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1407.6395","updated":"2014-07-23","pmid":"25150718","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2107432007","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1407.6395","abstract":"Van der Waals heterostructures have recently emerged as a new class of materials, where quantum coupling between stacked atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) layers, including graphene, hexagonal-boron nitride, and transition metal dichalcogenides (MX2), give rise to fascinating new phenomena. MX2 heterostructures are particularly exciting for novel optoelectronic and photovoltaic applications, because 2D MX2 monolayers can have an optical bandgap in the near-infrared to visible spectral range and exhibit extremely strong light-matter interactions. Theory predicts that many stacked MX2 heterostructures form type-II semiconductor heterojunctions that facilitate efficient electron-hole separation for light detection and harvesting. Here we report the first experimental observation of ultrafast charge transfer in photo-excited MoS2/WS2 heterostructures using both photoluminescence mapping and femtosecond (fs) pump-probe spectroscopy. We show that hole transfer from the MoS2 layer to the WS2 layer takes place within 50 fs after optical excitation, a remarkable rate for van der Waals coupled 2D layers. Such ultrafast charge transfer in van der Waals heterostructures can enable novel 2D devices for optoelectronics and light harvesting.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["2D Materials and Applications"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1910.03425","kind":"review","title":"Magnetic 2D materials and heterostructures","authors":["M. Gibertini","Maciej Koperski","Alberto F. Morpurgo","Kostya S. Novoselov"],"author_count":4,"year":2019,"published":"2019-05-01","venue":"Nature Nanotechnology","cited_by":1786,"doi":"10.1038/s41565-019-0438-6","arxiv_id":"1910.03425","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-019-0438-6","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1910.03425","updated":"2019-10-08","pmid":"31065072","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2944463729","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1910.03425","abstract":"The family of 2D materials grows day by day, drastically expanding the scope of possible phenomena to be explored in two dimensions, as well as the possible van der Waals heterostructures that one can create. Such 2D materials currently cover a vast range of properties. Until recently, this family has been missing one crucial member - 2D magnets. The situation has changed over the last two years with the introduction of a variety of atomically-thin magnetic crystals. Here we will discuss the difference between magnetic states in 2D materials and in bulk crystals and present an overview of the 2D magnets that have been explored recently. We will focus, in particular, on the case of the two most studied systems - semiconducting CrI$_3$ and metallic Fe$_3$GeTe$_2$ - and illustrate the physical phenomena that have been observed. Special attention will be given to the range of novel van der Waals heterostructures that became possible with the appearance of 2D magnets, offering new perspectives in this rapidly expanding field.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["2D Materials and Applications"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1406.2749","kind":"article","title":"Quantum spin Hall effect in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides","authors":["Xiaofeng Qian","Junwei Liu","Liang Fu","Ju Li"],"author_count":4,"year":2014,"published":"2014-11-21","venue":"Science","cited_by":2056,"doi":"10.1126/science.1256815","arxiv_id":"1406.2749","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1256815","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1406.2749","updated":"2014-06-11","pmid":"25504715","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2089608912","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1406.2749","abstract":"We report a new class of large-gap quantum spin Hall insulators in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides, namely, MX$_2$ with M=(Mo, W) and X=(S, Se, and Te), whose topological electronic properties are highly tunable by external electric field. We propose a novel topological field effect transistor made of these atomic layer materials and their van der Waals heterostructures. Our device exhibits parametrically enhanced charge-spin conductance through topologically protected transport channels, and can be rapidly switched off by electric field through topological phase transition instead of carrier depletion. Our work provides a practical material platform and device architecture for topological quantum electronics.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Topological Materials and Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.aav4450","kind":"review","title":"Two-dimensional magnetic crystals and emergent heterostructure devices","authors":["Cheng Gong","Xiang Zhang"],"author_count":2,"year":2019,"published":"2019-02-14","venue":"Science","cited_by":1684,"doi":"10.1126/science.aav4450","arxiv_id":null,"nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav4450","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1126/science.aav4450","updated":null,"pmid":"30765537","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2913378542","pdf_url":null,"abstract":null,"abstract_license":null,"license":null,"is_open_access":false,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["2D Materials and Applications"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex","attribution":"Metadata and citation counts: OpenAlex (CC0)."},{"id":"arxiv:1211.5090","kind":"article","title":"Vertical field-effect transistor based on graphene–WS2 heterostructures for flexible and transparent electronics","authors":["Thanasis Georgiou","R. Jalil","Branson D. Belle","L. Britnell","Roman Gorbachev","Sergey V. Morozov","Yong-Jin Kim","Ali Gholinia","Sarah J. Haigh","Oleg Makarovsky","L. Eaves","Leonid A. Ponomarenko","Andre K. Geim","Kostya S. Novoselov","Artem Mishchenko"],"author_count":15,"year":2012,"published":"2012-12-23","venue":"Nature Nanotechnology","cited_by":1752,"doi":"10.1038/nnano.2012.224","arxiv_id":"1211.5090","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2012.224","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1211.5090","updated":"2012-11-21","pmid":"23263726","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2078118572","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1211.5090","abstract":"The celebrated electronic properties of graphene have opened way for materials just one-atom-thick to be used in the post-silicon electronic era. An important milestone was the creation of heterostructures based on graphene and other two-dimensional (2D) crystals, which can be assembled in 3D stacks with atomic layer precision. These layered structures have already led to a range of fascinating physical phenomena, and also have been used in demonstrating a prototype field effect tunnelling transistor - a candidate for post-CMOS technology. The range of possible materials which could be incorporated into such stacks is very large. Indeed, there are many other materials where layers are linked by weak van der Waals forces, which can be exfoliated and combined together to create novel highly-tailored heterostructures. Here we describe a new generation of field effect vertical tunnelling transistors where 2D tungsten disulphide serves as an atomically thin barrier between two layers of either mechanically exfoliated or CVD-grown graphene. Our devices have unprecedented current modulation exceeding one million at room temperature and can also operate on transparent and flexible substrates.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["2D Materials and Applications"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1403.4985","kind":"article","title":"Observation of long-lived interlayer excitons in monolayer MoSe2–WSe2 heterostructures","authors":["Pasqual Rivera","John R. Schaibley","Aaron M. Jones","Jason Ross","Sanfeng Wu","Grant Aivazian","Philip Klement","Kyle L. Seyler","Genevieve Clark","N. Ghimire","Jiaqiang Yan","David G. Mandrus","Wang Yao","Xiaodong Xu"],"author_count":14,"year":2015,"published":"2015-02-24","venue":"Nature Communications","cited_by":1693,"doi":"10.1038/ncomms7242","arxiv_id":"1403.4985","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms7242","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1403.4985","updated":"2014-03-19","pmid":"25708612","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2051698493","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms7242.pdf","abstract":"Two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene1, boron nitride2, and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs)3-5, have sparked wide interest in both device physics and technological applications at the atomic monolayer limit. These 2D monolayers can be stacked together with precise control to form novel van der Waals heterostructures for new functionalities2,6-9. One highly coveted but yet to be realized heterostructure is that of differing monolayer TMDs with type II band alignment10-12. Their application potential hinges on the fabrication, understanding, and control of bonded monolayers, with bound electrons and holes localized in individual monolayers, i.e. interlayer excitons. Here, we report the first observation of interlayer excitons in monolayer MoSe2-WSe2 heterostructures by both photoluminescence and photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy. The energy and luminescence intensity of interlayer excitons are highly tunable by an applied vertical gate voltage, implying electrical control of the heterojunction band-alignment. Using time resolved photoluminescence, we find that the interlayer exciton is long-lived with a lifetime of about 1.8 ns, an order of magnitude longer than intralayer excitons13-16. Our work demonstrates the ability to optically pump interlayer electric polarization and provokes the immediate exploration of interlayer excitons for condensation phenomena, as well as new applications in 2D light-emitting diodes, lasers, and photovoltaic devices.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["2D Materials and Applications"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1013-x","kind":"review","title":"Van der Waals integration before and beyond two-dimensional materials","authors":["Yuan Liu","Yu Huang","Xiangfeng Duan"],"author_count":3,"year":2019,"published":"2019-03-01","venue":"Nature","cited_by":1552,"doi":"10.1038/s41586-019-1013-x","arxiv_id":null,"nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1013-x","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1013-x","updated":null,"pmid":"30894723","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2925217409","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1013-x.pdf","abstract":null,"abstract_license":null,"license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["2D Materials and Applications"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex","attribution":"Metadata and citation counts: OpenAlex (CC0)."},{"id":"arxiv:1608.00515","kind":"review","title":"Mixed-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures","authors":["Deep Jariwala","Tobin Jay Marks","Mark C. Hersam"],"author_count":3,"year":2016,"published":"2016-08-01","venue":"Nature Materials","cited_by":1609,"doi":"10.1038/nmat4703","arxiv_id":"1608.00515","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4703","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1608.00515","updated":"2016-08-01","pmid":"27479211","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2481949062","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1608.00515","abstract":"The isolation of a growing number of two-dimensional (2D) materials has inspired worldwide efforts to integrate distinct 2D materials into van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures. Given that any passivated, dangling bond-free surface will interact with another via vdW forces, the vdW heterostructure concept can be extended to include the integration of 2D materials with non-2D materials that adhere primarily through noncovalent interactions. In this review, we present a succinct and critical survey of emerging mixed-dimensional (2D + nD, where n is 0, 1 or 3) heterostructure devices. By comparing and contrasting with all-2D vdW heterostructures as well as with competing conventional technologies, the challenges and opportunities for mixed-dimensional vdW heterostructures are highlighted.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["2D Materials and Applications"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"doi:10.1038/ncomms14956","kind":"article","title":"Prediction of intrinsic two-dimensional ferroelectrics in In2Se3 and other III2-VI3 van der Waals materials","authors":["Wenjun Ding","Jianbao Zhu","Zhe Wang","Yanfei Gao","Di Xiao","Yi Gu","Zhenyu Zhang","Wenguang Zhu"],"author_count":8,"year":2017,"published":"2017-04-07","venue":"Nature Communications","cited_by":1458,"doi":"10.1038/ncomms14956","arxiv_id":null,"nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14956","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1038/ncomms14956","updated":null,"pmid":"28387225","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2605317103","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14956.pdf","abstract":"Abstract Interest in two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals materials has grown rapidly across multiple scientific and engineering disciplines in recent years. However, ferroelectricity, the presence of a spontaneous electric polarization, which is important in many practical applications, has rarely been reported in such materials so far. Here we employ first-principles calculations to discover a branch of the 2D materials family, based on In 2 Se 3 and other III 2 -VI 3 van der Waals materials, that exhibits room-temperature ferroelectricity with reversible spontaneous electric polarization in both out-of-plane and in-plane orientations. The device potential of these 2D ferroelectric materials is further demonstrated using the examples of van der Waals heterostructures of In 2 Se 3 /graphene, exhibiting a tunable Schottky barrier, and In 2 Se 3 /WSe 2 , showing a significant band gap reduction in the combined system. These findings promise to substantially broaden the tunability of van der Waals heterostructures for a wide range of applications.","abstract_license":"CC-BY (publisher license, via OpenAlex)","license":"cc-by","is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["2D Materials and Applications"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex","attribution":"Abstract of \"Prediction of intrinsic two-dimensional ferroelectrics in In2Se3 and other III2-VI3 van der Waals materials\" by Wenjun Ding, Jianbao Zhu, Zhe Wang et al., https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14956, used under its Creative Commons Attribution license (CC-BY); markup removed, otherwise unmodified."},{"id":"arxiv:1807.03771","kind":"article","title":"Evidence for moiré excitons in van der Waals heterostructures","authors":["Kha Tran","Galan Moody","Fengcheng Wu","Xiaobo Lu","Junho Choi","Kyounghwan Kim","Amritesh Rai","Daniel A. Sánchez","Jiamin Quan","Akshay Singh","Jacob S Embley","André Zepeda","Marshall Campbell","Travis M. Autry","Takashi Taniguchi","Kenji Watanabe","Nanshu Lu","Sanjay Kumar Banerjee","Kevin L. Silverman","Suenne Kim","Emanuel Tutuc","Li Yang","Allan H. MacDonald","Xiaoqin Li"],"author_count":24,"year":2019,"published":"2019-02-25","venue":"Nature","cited_by":1378,"doi":"10.1038/s41586-019-0975-z","arxiv_id":"1807.03771","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-0975-z","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1807.03771","updated":"2018-07-10","pmid":"30804527","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2916906462","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1807.03771","abstract":"In van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures formed by stacking two monolayer semiconductors, lattice mismatch or rotational misalignment introduces an in-plane moiré superlattice. While it is widely recognized that a moiré superlattice can modulate the electronic band structure and lead to novel transport properties including unconventional superconductivity and insulating behavior driven by correlations, its influence on optical properties has not been investigated experimentally. We present spectroscopic evidence that interlayer excitons are confined by the moiré potential in a high-quality MoSe2/WSe2 heterobilayer with small rotational twist. A series of interlayer exciton resonances with either positive or negative circularly polarized emission is observed in photoluminescence, consistent with multiple exciton states confined within the moiré potential. The recombination dynamics and temperature dependence of these interlayer exciton resonances are consistent with this interpretation. These results demonstrate the feasibility of engineering artificial excitonic crystals using vdW heterostructures for nanophotonics and quantum information applications.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["2D Materials and Applications"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"doi:10.1021/ar5002846","kind":"article","title":"Transition Metal Dichalcogenides and Beyond: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications of Single- and Few-Layer Nanosheets","authors":["Ruitao Lv","Joshua A. Robinson","Raymond E. Schaak","Du Sun","Yifan Sun","Thomas E. Mallouk","Mauricio Terrones"],"author_count":7,"year":2014,"published":"2014-12-09","venue":"Accounts of Chemical Research","cited_by":1383,"doi":"10.1021/ar5002846","arxiv_id":null,"nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/ar5002846","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1021/ar5002846","updated":null,"pmid":"25490673","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2329389299","pdf_url":null,"abstract":null,"abstract_license":null,"license":null,"is_open_access":false,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["2D Materials and Applications"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex","attribution":"Metadata and citation counts: OpenAlex (CC0)."},{"id":"arxiv:1605.02334","kind":"article","title":"The hot pick-up technique for batch assembly of van der Waals heterostructures","authors":["Filippo Pizzocchero","Lene Gammelgaard","Bjarke Sørensen Jessen","José M. Caridad","Lei Wang","James Hone","Peter Bøggild","Timothy J. Booth"],"author_count":8,"year":2016,"published":"2016-05-08","venue":"Nature Communications","cited_by":715,"doi":"10.1038/ncomms11894","arxiv_id":"1605.02334","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1605.02334","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1605.02334","updated":"2016-05-08","pmid":"27305833","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2350938626","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1605.02334","abstract":"The assembly of individual two-dimensional materials into van der Waals heterostructures enables the construction of layered three-dimensional materials with desirable electronic and optical properties. A core problem in the fabrication of these structures is the formation of clean interfaces between the individual two-dimensional materials which would affect device performance. We present here a technique for the rapid batch fabrication of van der Waals heterostructures, demonstrated by the controlled production of 22 mono-, bi- and trilayer graphene stacks encapsulated in hexagonal boron nitride with close to 100% yield. For the monolayer devices we found semiclassical mean free paths up to 0.9 micrometer, with the narrowest samples showing clear indications of the transport being affected by boundary scattering. The presented method readily lends itself to fabrication of van der Waals heterostructures in both ambient and controlled atmospheres, while the ability to assemble pre-patterned layers paves the way for complex three-dimensional architectures.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":"cc-by","is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["cond-mat.mes-hall","cond-mat.mtrl-sci"],"details":null,"provenance":"arxiv+openalex","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"doi:10.1126/science.1246833","kind":"article","title":"Tunable Phonon Polaritons in Atomically Thin van der Waals Crystals of Boron Nitride","authors":["Siyuan Dai","Zhe Fei","Qiong Ma","Aleksandr S. Rodin","M. Wagner","Alexander S. McLeod","Mengkun K. Liu","Will Gannett","William Regan","Kenji Watanabe","Takashi Taniguchi","M. H. Thiemens","Gerardo Dominguez","A. H. Castro Neto","Alex K. Zettl","F. Keilmann","Pablo Jarillo‐Herrero","M. M. Fogler","D. N. Basov"],"author_count":19,"year":2014,"published":"2014-03-06","venue":"Science","cited_by":1334,"doi":"10.1126/science.1246833","arxiv_id":null,"nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1246833","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1126/science.1246833","updated":null,"pmid":"24604197","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2093596311","pdf_url":"https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstreams/4c1e9a15-ba13-4811-ba6d-2bca065e3e50/download","abstract":null,"abstract_license":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex","attribution":"Metadata and citation counts: OpenAlex (CC0)."},{"id":"arxiv:1502.00701","kind":"review","title":"Phonon and Raman scattering of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides from monolayer, multilayer to bulk material","authors":["Xin Zhang","Xiao-Fen Qiao","Wei Shi","Jiang-Bin Wu","Desheng Jiang","Ping-Heng Tan"],"author_count":6,"year":2015,"published":"2015-01-01","venue":"Chemical Society Reviews","cited_by":1305,"doi":"10.1039/c4cs00282b","arxiv_id":"1502.00701","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1039/c4cs00282b","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1502.00701","updated":"2015-02-03","pmid":"25679474","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2012424302","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1502.00701","abstract":"Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) nanosheets exhibit remarkable electronic and optical properties. The 2D features, sizable bandgaps, and recent advances in the synthesis, characterization, and device fabrication of the representative MoS$_2$, WS$_2$, WSe$_2$, and MoSe$_2$ TMDs make TMDs very attractive in nanoelectronics and optoelectronics. Similar to graphite and graphene, the atoms within each layer in 2D TMDs are joined together by covalent bonds, while van der Waals interactions keep the layers together. This makes the physical and chemical properties of 2D TMDs layer dependent. In this review, we discuss the basic lattice vibrations of monolayer, multilayer, and bulk TMDs, including high-frequency optical phonons, interlayer shear and layer breathing phonons, the Raman selection rule, layer-number evolution of phonons, multiple phonon replica, and phonons at the edge of the Brillouin zone. The extensive capabilities of Raman spectroscopy in investigating the properties of TMDs are discussed, such as interlayer coupling, spin--orbit splitting, and external perturbations. The interlayer vibrational modes are used in rapid and substrate-free characterization of the layer number of multilayer TMDs and in probing interface coupling in TMD heterostructures. The success of Raman spectroscopy in investigating TMD nanosheets paves the way for experiments on other 2D crystals and related van der Waals heterostructures.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["2D Materials and Applications"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1806.03173","kind":"article","title":"The Computational 2D Materials Database: high-throughput modeling and discovery of atomically thin crystals","authors":["Sten Haastrup","Mikkel Strange","Mohnish Pandey","Thorsten Deilmann","Per S. Schmidt","Nicki F. Hinsche","Morten N. Gjerding","Daniele Torelli","Peter Mahler Larsen","Anders Christian Riis-Jensen","Jakob Gath","Karsten W. Jacobsen","Jens Jørgen Mortensen","Thomas Olsen","Kristian Sommer Thygesen"],"author_count":15,"year":2018,"published":"2018-06-28","venue":"2D Materials","cited_by":1238,"doi":"10.1088/2053-1583/aacfc1","arxiv_id":"1806.03173","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/aacfc1","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1806.03173","updated":"2018-10-09","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2806275814","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2053-1583/aacfc1/pdf","abstract":"We introduce the Computational 2D Materials Database (C2DB), which organises a variety of structural, thermodynamic, elastic, electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of around 1500 two-dimensional materials distributed over more than 30 different crystal structures. Material properties are systematically calculated by state-of-the art density functional theory and many-body perturbation theory (G$_0\\!$W$\\!_0$ and the Bethe-Salpeter Equation for $\\sim$200 materials) following a semi-automated workflow for maximal consistency and transparency. The C2DB is fully open and can be browsed online or downloaded in its entirety. In this paper, we describe the workflow behind the database, present an overview of the properties and materials currently available, and explore trends and correlations in the data. Moreover, we identify a large number of new potentially synthesisable 2D materials with interesting properties targeting applications within spintronics, (opto-)electronics, and plasmonics. The C2DB offers a comprehensive and easily accessible overview of the rapidly expanding family of 2D materials and forms an ideal platform for computational modeling and design of new 2D materials and van der Waals heterostructures.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":"cc-by","is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["2D Materials and Applications"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"doi:10.1038/ncomms12357","kind":"article","title":"Room-temperature ferroelectricity in CuInP2S6 ultrathin flakes","authors":["Fucai Liu","Lü You","Kyle L. Seyler","Xiaobao Li","Peng Yu","Junhao Lin","Xuewen Wang","Jiadong Zhou","Hong Wang","Haiyong He","Sokrates T. Pantelides","Wu Zhou","Pradeep Sharma","Xiaodong Xu","Pulickel Madhavapanicker Ajayan","Junling Wang","Zheng Liu"],"author_count":17,"year":2016,"published":"2016-08-11","venue":"Nature Communications","cited_by":1255,"doi":"10.1038/ncomms12357","arxiv_id":null,"nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12357","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1038/ncomms12357","updated":null,"pmid":"27510418","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2508408601","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms12357.pdf","abstract":"Two-dimensional (2D) materials have emerged as promising candidates for various optoelectronic applications based on their diverse electronic properties, ranging from insulating to superconducting. However, cooperative phenomena such as ferroelectricity in the 2D limit have not been well explored. Here, we report room-temperature ferroelectricity in 2D CuInP2S6 (CIPS) with a transition temperature of ∼320 K. Switchable polarization is observed in thin CIPS of ∼4 nm. To demonstrate the potential of this 2D ferroelectric material, we prepare a van der Waals (vdW) ferroelectric diode formed by CIPS/Si heterostructure, which shows good memory behaviour with on/off ratio of ∼100. The addition of ferroelectricity to the 2D family opens up possibilities for numerous novel applications, including sensors, actuators, non-volatile memory devices, and various vdW heterostructures based on 2D ferroelectricity.","abstract_license":"CC-BY (publisher license, via OpenAlex)","license":"cc-by","is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Materials"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex","attribution":"Abstract of \"Room-temperature ferroelectricity in CuInP2S6 ultrathin flakes\" by Fucai Liu, Lü You, Kyle L. Seyler et al., https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12357, used under its Creative Commons Attribution license (CC-BY); markup removed, otherwise unmodified."},{"id":"arxiv:1802.07355","kind":"article","title":"Controlling magnetism in 2D CrI3 by electrostatic doping","authors":["Shengwei Jiang","Lizhong Li","Zefang Wang","Kin Fai Mak","Jie Shan"],"author_count":5,"year":2018,"published":"2018-05-04","venue":"Nature Nanotechnology","cited_by":1219,"doi":"10.1038/s41565-018-0135-x","arxiv_id":"1802.07355","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-018-0135-x","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1802.07355","updated":"2018-02-20","pmid":"29736035","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2788858896","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1802.07355","abstract":"The atomic thickness of two-dimensional (2D) materials provides a unique opportunity to control material properties and engineer new functionalities by electrostatic doping. Electrostatic doping has been demonstrated to tune the electrical and optical properties of 2D materials in a wide range, as well as to drive the electronic phase transitions. The recent discovery of atomically thin magnetic insulators has opened up the prospect of electrical control of magnetism and new devices with unprecedented performance. Here we demonstrate control of the magnetic properties of monolayer and bilayer CrI3 by electrostatic doping using a dual-gate field-effect device structure. In monolayer CrI3, doping significantly modifies the saturation magnetization, coercive force and Curie temperature, showing strengthened (weakened) magnetic order with hole (electron) doping. Remarkably, in bilayer CrI3 doping drastically changes the interlayer magnetic order, causing a transition from an antiferromagnetic ground state in the pristine form to a ferromagnetic ground state above a critical electron density. The result reveals a strongly doping-dependent interlayer exchange coupling, which enables robust switching of magnetization in bilayer CrI3 by small gate voltages.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["2D Materials and Applications"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"doi:10.1039/c5cs00507h","kind":"review","title":"Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides as atomically thin semiconductors: opportunities and challenges","authors":["Xidong Duan","Chen Wang","A. Pan","Ruqin Yu","Xiangfeng Duan"],"author_count":5,"year":2015,"published":"2015-01-01","venue":"Chemical Society Reviews","cited_by":1164,"doi":"10.1039/c5cs00507h","arxiv_id":null,"nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1039/c5cs00507h","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1039/c5cs00507h","updated":null,"pmid":"26479493","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W1868638423","pdf_url":null,"abstract":null,"abstract_license":null,"license":null,"is_open_access":false,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["2D Materials and Applications"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex","attribution":"Metadata and citation counts: OpenAlex (CC0)."},{"id":"arxiv:1403.2652","kind":"article","title":"Photovoltaic Effect in an Electrically Tunable van der Waals Heterojunction","authors":["Marco M. Furchi","Andreas Pospischil","Florian Libisch","Joachim Burgdörfer","Thomas Mueller"],"author_count":5,"year":2014,"published":"2014-07-24","venue":"Nano Letters","cited_by":1092,"doi":"10.1021/nl501962c","arxiv_id":"1403.2652","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/nl501962c","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1403.2652","updated":"2014-07-26","pmid":"25057817","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W1976148968","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1403.2652","abstract":"Semiconductor heterostructures form the cornerstone of many electronic and optoelectronic devices and are traditionally fabricated using epitaxial growth techniques. More recently, heterostructures have also been obtained by vertical stacking of two-dimensional crystals, such as graphene and related two- dimensional materials. These layered designer materials are held together by van der Waals forces and contain atomically sharp interfaces. Here, we report on a type- II van der Waals heterojunction made of molybdenum disulfide and tungsten diselenide monolayers. The junction is electrically tunable and under appropriate gate bias, an atomically thin diode is realized. Upon optical illumination, charge transfer occurs across the planar interface and the device exhibits a photovoltaic effect. Advances in large-scale production of two-dimensional crystals could thus lead to a new photovoltaic solar technology.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":"cc-by","is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["2D Materials and Applications"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1506.00679","kind":"review","title":"Photocurrent generation with two-dimensional van der Waals semiconductors","authors":["Michele Buscema","Joshua O. Island","Dirk J. Groenendijk","Sofya I. Blanter","Gary Alexander Steele","Herre S. J. van der Zant","Andrés Castellanos-Gómez"],"author_count":7,"year":2015,"published":"2015-01-01","venue":"Chemical Society Reviews","cited_by":1058,"doi":"10.1039/c5cs00106d","arxiv_id":"1506.00679","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1039/c5cs00106d","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1506.00679","updated":"2015-06-01","pmid":"25909688","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2023249057","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1506.00679","abstract":"Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted a great deal of interest in recent years. This family of materials allows for the realization of versatile electronic devices and holds promise for next-generation (opto)electronics. Their electronic properties strongly depend on the number of layers, making them interesting from a fundamental standpoint. For electronic applications, semiconducting 2D materials benefit from sizable mobilities and large on/off ratios, due to the large modulation achievable via the gate field-effect. Moreover, being mechanically strong and flexible, these materials can withstand large strain (>10\\%) before rupture, making them interesting for strain engineering and flexible devices. Even in their single layer form, semiconducting 2D materials have demonstrated efficient light absorption, enabling large responsivity in photodetectors. Therefore, semiconducting layered 2D materials are strong candidates for optoelectronic applications, especially for photodetection. Here, we review the state-of-the-art in photodetectors based on semiconducting 2D materials, focusing on the transition metal dichalcogenides, novel van der Waals materials, black phosphorus, and heterostructures.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["2D Materials and Applications"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."}],"next":"https://space-kitty.com/api/v1/topics/2d-materials/papers?sort=top&limit=25&offset=25"}