{"topic":"dark-matter","sort":"top","limit":25,"offset":0,"count":25,"papers":[{"id":"arxiv:1510.07633","kind":"article","title":"Axion cosmology","authors":["David J. E. Marsh"],"author_count":1,"year":2016,"published":"2016-06-29","venue":"Physics Reports","cited_by":2006,"doi":"10.1016/j.physrep.2016.06.005","arxiv_id":"1510.07633","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2016.06.005","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1510.07633","updated":"2016-06-15","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W3037524103","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1510.07633","abstract":"1. Introduction 2. Models: the QCD axion; the strong CP problem; PQWW, KSVZ, DFSZ; anomalies, instantons and the potential; couplings; axions in string theory 3. Production and I.C.'s: SSB and non-perturbative physics; the axion field during inflation and PQ SSB; cosmological populations - decay of parent, topological defects, thermal production, vacuum realignment 4. The Cosmological Field: action; background evolution; misalignment for QCD axion and ALPs; cosmological perturbation theory - i.c.'s, early time treatment, axion sound speed and Jeans scale, transfer functions and WDM; the Schrodinger picture; simualting axions; BEC 5. CMB and LSS: Primary anisotropies; matter power; combined constraints; Isocurvature and inflation 6. Galaxy Formation; halo mass function; high-z and the EOR; density profiles; the CDM small-scale crises 7. Accelerated expansion: the c.c. problem; axion inflation (natural and monodromy) 8. Gravitational interactions with black holes and pulsars 9. Non-gravitational interactions: stellar astrophysics; LSW; vacuum birefringence; axion forces; direct detection with ADMX and CASPEr; Axion decays; dark radiation; astrophysical magnetic fields; cosmological birefringence 10. Conclusions A Theta vacua of gauge theories B EFT for cosmologists C Friedmann equations D Cosmological fluids E Bayes Theorem and priors F Degeneracies and sampling G Sheth-Tormen HMF","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1310.8214","kind":"article","title":"First Results from the LUX Dark Matter Experiment at the Sanford Underground Research Facility","authors":["D. S. Akerib","Henrique M. Araújo","X. Bai","A. J. Bailey","J. Balajthy","S. Bedikian","E. P. Bernard","A. Bernstein","Alexander I. Bolozdynya","A. Bradley","D. Byram","Sydney B. Cahn","M. C. Carmona-Benitez","C. Chan","J. Chapman","A. A. Chiller","C. Chiller","K. Clark","T. Coffey","A. Currie","A. Curioni","S. Dazeley","L. de Viveiros","A. Dobi","J. E. Y. Dobson"],"author_count":100,"year":2014,"published":"2014-03-04","venue":"Physical Review Letters","cited_by":1596,"doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.112.091303","arxiv_id":"1310.8214","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.112.091303","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1310.8214","updated":"2014-02-05","pmid":"24655239","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2042260934","pdf_url":"http://link.aps.org/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.091303","abstract":"The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment, a dual-phase xenon time-projection chamber operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (Lead, South Dakota), was cooled and filled in February 2013. We report results of the first WIMP search dataset, taken during the period April to August 2013, presenting the analysis of 85.3 live-days of data with a fiducial volume of 118 kg. A profile-likelihood analysis technique shows our data to be consistent with the background-only hypothesis, allowing 90% confidence limits to be set on spin-independent WIMP-nucleon elastic scattering with a minimum upper limit on the cross section of $7.6 \\times 10^{-46}$ cm$^{2}$ at a WIMP mass of 33 GeV/c$^2$. We find that the LUX data are in strong disagreement with low-mass WIMP signal interpretations of the results from several recent direct detection experiments.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1003.0904","kind":"review","title":"Dark Matter Candidates from Particle Physics and Methods of Detection","authors":["Jonathan Lee Feng"],"author_count":1,"year":2010,"published":"2010-08-01","venue":"Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics","cited_by":1479,"doi":"10.1146/annurev-astro-082708-101659","arxiv_id":"1003.0904","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-astro-082708-101659","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1003.0904","updated":"2010-04-09","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2110352019","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1003.0904","abstract":"The identity of dark matter is a question of central importance in both astrophysics and particle physics. In the past, the leading particle candidates were cold and collisionless, and typically predicted missing energy signals at particle colliders. However, recent progress has greatly expanded the list of well-motivated candidates and the possible signatures of dark matter. This review begins with a brief summary of the standard model of particle physics and its outstanding problems. We then discuss several dark matter candidates motivated by these problems, including WIMPs, superWIMPs, light gravitinos, hidden dark matter, sterile neutrinos, and axions. For each of these, we critically examine the particle physics motivations and present their expected production mechanisms, basic properties, and implications for direct and indirect detection, particle colliders, and astrophysical observations. Upcoming experiments will discover or exclude many of these candidates, and progress may open up an era of unprecedented synergy between studies of the largest and smallest observable length scales.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1605.04909","kind":"article","title":"History of dark matter","authors":["Gianfranco Bertone","Dan Hooper"],"author_count":2,"year":2018,"published":"2018-10-15","venue":"Reviews of Modern Physics","cited_by":1241,"doi":"10.1103/revmodphys.90.045002","arxiv_id":"1605.04909","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/revmodphys.90.045002","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1605.04909","updated":"2016-05-24","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2403089519","pdf_url":"http://link.aps.org/pdf/10.1103/RevModPhys.90.045002","abstract":"Although dark matter is a central element of modern cosmology, the history of how it became accepted as part of the dominant paradigm is often ignored or condensed into a brief anecdotical account focused around the work of a few pioneering scientists. The aim of this review is to provide the reader with a broader historical perspective on the observational discoveries and the theoretical arguments that led the scientific community to adopt dark matter as an essential part of the standard cosmological model.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1705.02358","kind":"article","title":"Dark matter self-interactions and small scale structure","authors":["Sean Tulin","Hai-Bo Yu"],"author_count":2,"year":2017,"published":"2017-12-05","venue":"Physics Reports","cited_by":1119,"doi":"10.1016/j.physrep.2017.11.004","arxiv_id":"1705.02358","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2017.11.004","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1705.02358","updated":"2017-11-24","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2612559938","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1705.02358","abstract":"We review theories of dark matter (DM) beyond the collisionless paradigm, known as self-interacting dark matter (SIDM), and their observable implications for astrophysical structure in the Universe. Self-interactions are motivated, in part, due to the potential to explain long-standing (and more recent) small scale structure observations that are in tension with collisionless cold DM (CDM) predictions. Simple particle physics models for SIDM can provide a universal explanation for these observations across a wide range of mass scales spanning dwarf galaxies, low and high surface brightness spiral galaxies, and clusters of galaxies. At the same time, SIDM leaves intact the success of $Λ$CDM cosmology on large scales. This report covers the following topics: (1) small scale structure issues, including the core-cusp problem, the diversity problem for rotation curves, the missing satellites problem, and the too-big-to-fail problem, as well as recent progress in hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation; (2) N-body simulations for SIDM, including implications for density profiles, halo shapes, substructure, and the interplay between baryons and self-interactions; (3) semi-analytic Jeans-based methods that provide a complementary approach for connecting particle models with observations; (4) merging systems, such as cluster mergers (e.g., the Bullet Cluster) and minor infalls, along with recent simulation results for mergers; (5) particle physics models, including light mediator models and composite DM models; and (6) complementary probes for SIDM, including indirect and direct detection experiments, particle collider searches, and cosmological observations. We provide a summary and critical look for all current constraints on DM self-interactions and an outline for future directions.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"doi:10.1093/nsr/nwx116","kind":"article","title":"The Taiji Program in Space for gravitational wave physics and the nature of gravity","authors":["Wenrui Hu","Yue-Liang Wu"],"author_count":2,"year":2017,"published":"2017-09-01","venue":"National Science Review","cited_by":1017,"doi":"10.1093/nsr/nwx116","arxiv_id":null,"nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwx116","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1093/nsr/nwx116","updated":null,"pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2763830181","pdf_url":"https://academic.oup.com/nsr/article-pdf/4/5/685/31566708/nwx116.pdf","abstract":"The discovery of gravitational waves (GWs) by the LIGO collaboration [1] in 2016 has provided a direct test on the prediction made by Albert Einstein a century ago based on his general theory of relativity [2]. It has caused a significant influence worldwide on the basic research in science. Space-based GW detection has become the next interesting target for the further study on the gravitational universe as space-based GW detection would reach a wider range of gravitational radiation sources than the ground-based GW detection can [3]. After the LISA/eLISA strategic plan [4] on space-based GW detection was put forward in the 1990s, Chinese scientists also showed their interest and began to make proposals for space-based GW detection in the 2000s. Recently, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has set up a strategic priority research program that includes the pre-study of space-based GW detection referred to as the ‘Taiji Program in Space’ [5]. GWs are expected to provide a new window to explore the evolution of early universe and the nature of gravity. Though space- and ground-based GW detectors adopt the same detecting principle of a Michelson interferometer, the required critical technology is quite different. Space-based GW detection needs to make use of gravitational reference sensors and a low-noise micro-thruster to implement drag-free performance as well as non-contacting discharging of test masses for free-flying test mass. It requires picometer optical assemblies for resolution ranging between the test masses and the spacecraft and high-stability monolithic precision ranging of test mass and spacecraft. The high-stability telescope, precision attitude control, a high-accuracy phase-meter and frequency stabilization are all needed for the precision ranging from spacecraft to spacecraft. To reach high thermomechanical stability, it is necessary to orbit the Sun. The Taiji program is proposed to detect GWs with frequencies covering the range of 0.1 mHz to 1.0 Hz with higher sensitivity around 0.01–1 Hz than eLISA (see Table 1). The Taiji program proposes to use a triangle of three spacecrafts in orbit around the Sun (see Fig. 1). Laser beams are sent both ways between each pair of spacecrafts, and the differences in the phase changes between the transmitted and received laser beams at each spacecraft are measured. The preliminary design for the Taiji mission is based on 3-million-kilometer separations between the spacecrafts, and the expected launch date is about 2033. The purpose of the Taiji program is to study the most challenging issues concerning massive black holes, such as how the intermediate mass seed black holes were formed in the early universe, whether dark matter could form a black hole, how seed black hole grows into a large or extremely large black holes and what is the nature of gravity. Taiji spacecraft in orbit around the Sun. Baseline design parameters of the Taiji preliminary mission proposal in comparison with the LISA/eLISA mission proposal. Baseline design parameters of the Taiji preliminary mission proposal in comparison with the LISA/eLISA mission proposal. Gravity was the first recognized basic force in the universe, while its nature is not as clear as for the three other basic forces. Single gravitons are far from being observable, although GWs are thought to be composed of gravitons. Understanding the nature of gravity and the unification of all basic forces are the most challenging problems in basic sciences in the twenty-first century. Dark matter and dark energy observed via gravitational effects are regarded as two big ‘puzzling clouds’ in the twenty-first century in physics and astronomy. Solving those problems requires us to develop quantum gravity and build a unification theory for all basic forces. As the early universe was filled with elementary particles at very high energy and temperature, exploring the intrinsic correlation between the very small elementary particles and the extremely large universe has been regarded as the frontier of particle physics and cosmology in basic sciences. The establishment of quantum gravity [6] is a necessity to understand the origin and evolution of the universe. This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11690022, 11475237 and 11121064), and by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB23030100), as well as the CAS Center for Excellence in Particle Physics (CCEPP).","abstract_license":"CC-BY (publisher license, via OpenAlex)","license":"cc-by","is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex","attribution":"Abstract of \"The Taiji Program in Space for gravitational wave physics and the nature of gravity\" by Wenrui Hu, Yue-Liang Wu, https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwx116, used under its Creative Commons Attribution license (CC-BY); markup removed, otherwise unmodified."},{"id":"arxiv:1703.07364","kind":"review","title":"The waning of the WIMP? A review of models, searches, and constraints","authors":["Giorgio Arcadi","Maíra Dutra","Pradipta Ghosh","M. Lindner","Yann Mambrini","Mathias Pierre","Stefano Profumo","Farinaldo S. Queiroz"],"author_count":8,"year":2018,"published":"2018-03-01","venue":"The European Physical Journal C","cited_by":906,"doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-5662-y","arxiv_id":"1703.07364","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-5662-y","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1703.07364","updated":"2017-03-21","pmid":"31258403","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2597602507","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140%2Fepjc%2Fs10052-018-5662-y.pdf","abstract":"Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) are among the best-motivated dark matter candidates. In light of no conclusive detection signal yet despite an extensive search program that combines, often in a complementary way, direct, indirect, and collider probes, we find it timely to give a broad overview of the WIMP paradigm. In particular, we review here the theoretical foundations of the WIMP paradigm, discuss status and prospects of various detection strategies, and explore future experimental challenges and opportunities.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":"cc-by","is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1305.0237","kind":"article","title":"micrOMEGAs_3: A program for calculating dark matter observables","authors":["G. Bélanger","F. Boudjema","Alexander Pukhov","A. Semenov"],"author_count":4,"year":2013,"published":"2013-10-24","venue":"Computer Physics Communications","cited_by":814,"doi":"10.1016/j.cpc.2013.10.016","arxiv_id":"1305.0237","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2013.10.016","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1305.0237","updated":"2013-06-05","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2078728780","pdf_url":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/1305.0237","abstract":"micrOMEGAs is a code to compute dark matter observables in generic extensions of the standard model. This new version of micrOMEGAs is a major update which includes a generalization of the Boltzmann equations to accommodate models with asymmetric dark matter or with semi-annihilation and a first approach to a generalization of the thermodynamics of the Universe in the relic density computation. Furthermore a switch to include virtual vector bosons in the final states in the annihilation cross sections or relic density computations is added. Effective operators to describe loop-induced couplings of Higgses to two-photons or two-gluons are introduced and reduced couplings of the Higgs are provided allowing for a direct comparison with recent LHC results. A module that computes the signature of DM captured in celestial bodies in neutrino telescopes is also provided. Moreover the direct detection module has been improved as concerns the implementation of the strange \"content\" of the nucleon. New extensions of the standard model are included in the distribution.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1806.05195","kind":"article","title":"Black holes, gravitational waves and fundamental physics: a roadmap","authors":["Abbas Askar","C. Belczynski","Gianfranco Bertone","Edi Bon","Diego Blas","Richard Brito","T. Bulik","Clare Burrage","Christian T. Byrnes","Chiara Caprini","M. Chernyakova","Piotr T. Chruściel","M Colpi","Valeria Ferrari","Daniele Gaggero","J. R. Gair","J. García-Bellido","S. F. Hassan","Lavinia Heisenberg","M. Hendry","Ik Siong Heng","Carlos Herdeiro","Tanja Hinderer","A. Horesh","Bradley J. Kavanagh"],"author_count":100,"year":2019,"published":"2019-06-19","venue":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","cited_by":748,"doi":"10.1088/1361-6382/ab0587","arxiv_id":"1806.05195","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ab0587","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1806.05195","updated":"2019-02-01","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2808081211","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6382/ab0587/pdf","abstract":"The grand challenges of contemporary fundamental physics---dark matter, dark energy, vacuum energy, inflation and early universe cosmology, singularities and the hierarchy problem---all involve gravity as a key component. And of all gravitational phenomena, black holes stand out in their elegant simplicity, while harbouring some of the most remarkable predictions of General Relativity: event horizons, singularities and ergoregions. The hitherto invisible landscape of the gravitational Universe is being unveiled before our eyes: the historical direct detection of gravitational waves by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration marks the dawn of a new era of scientific exploration. Gravitational-wave astronomy will allow us to test models of black hole formation, growth and evolution, as well as models of gravitational-wave generation and propagation. It will provide evidence for event horizons and ergoregions, test the theory of General Relativity itself, and may reveal the existence of new fundamental fields. The synthesis of these results has the potential to radically reshape our understanding of the cosmos and of the laws of Nature. The purpose of this work is to present a concise, yet comprehensive overview of the state of the art in the relevant fields of research, summarize important open problems, and lay out a roadmap for future progress.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:0912.3592","kind":"article","title":"Dark Matter Search Results from the CDMS II Experiment","authors":["The CDMS Collaboration","Z. Ahmed"],"author_count":2,"year":2010,"published":"2010-02-11","venue":"Science","cited_by":811,"doi":"10.1126/science.1186112","arxiv_id":"0912.3592","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1186112","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:0912.3592","updated":"2009-12-18","pmid":"20150446","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2106624583","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/0912.3592","abstract":"We report results from a blind analysis of the final data taken with the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search experiment (CDMS II) at the Soudan Underground Laboratory, Minnesota, USA. A total raw exposure of 612 kg-days was analyzed for this work. We observed two events in the signal region; based on our background estimate, the probability of observing two or more background events is 23%. These data set an upper limit on the Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP)-nucleon elastic-scattering spin-independent cross-section of 7.0x10^{-44} cm^2 for a WIMP of mass 70 GeV/c^2 at the 90% confidence level. Combining this result with all previous CDMS II data gives an upper limit on the WIMP-nucleon spin-independent cross-section of 3.8x10^{-44} cm^2 for a WIMP of mass 70 GeV/c^2. We also exclude new parameter space in recently proposed inelastic dark matter models.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1307.5458","kind":"article","title":"Implication of neutrino backgrounds on the reach of next generation dark matter direct detection experiments","authors":["Julien Billard","Enectali Figueroa-Feliciano","Louis E. Strigari"],"author_count":3,"year":2014,"published":"2014-01-27","venue":"Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields","cited_by":719,"doi":"10.1103/physrevd.89.023524","arxiv_id":"1307.5458","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.89.023524","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1307.5458","updated":"2014-01-19","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2132803409","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1307.5458","abstract":"As direct dark matter experiments continue to increase in size, they will become sensitive to neutrinos from astrophysical sources. For experiments that do not have directional sensitivity, coherent neutrino scattering (CNS) from several sources represents an important background to understand, as it can almost perfectly mimic an authentic WIMP signal. Here we explore in detail the effect of neutrino backgrounds on the discovery potential of WIMPs over the entire mass range of 500 MeV to 10 TeV. We show that, given the theoretical and measured uncertainties on the neutrino backgrounds, direct detection experiments lose sensitivity to light (~10 GeV) and heavy (~100 GeV) WIMPs with a spin-independent cross section below 10^{-45} cm^2 and 10^{-49} cm^2, respectively.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1707.06277","kind":"article","title":"WIMP dark matter candidates and searches—current status and future prospects","authors":["Leszek Roszkowski","Enrico Maria Sessolo","Sebastian Trojanowski"],"author_count":3,"year":2018,"published":"2018-03-23","venue":"Reports on Progress in Physics","cited_by":655,"doi":"10.1088/1361-6633/aab913","arxiv_id":"1707.06277","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/aab913","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1707.06277","updated":"2018-06-04","pmid":"29569575","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2739194750","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1707.06277","abstract":"We review several current aspects of dark matter theory and experiment. We overview the present experimental status, which includes current bounds and recent claims and hints of a possible signal in a wide range of experiments: direct detection in underground laboratories, gamma-ray, cosmic ray, X-ray, neutrino telescopes, and the LHC. We briefly review several possible particle candidates for a Weakly Interactive Massive Particle (WIMP) and dark matter that have recently been considered in the literature. We pay particular attention to the lightest neutralino of supersymmetry as it remains the best motivated candidate for dark matter and also shows excellent detection prospects. Finally we briefly review some alternative scenarios that can considerably alter properties and prospects for the detection of dark matter obtained within the standard thermal WIMP paradigm.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1707.08145","kind":"article","title":"DarkSide-20k: A 20 tonne two-phase LAr TPC for direct dark matter detection at LNGS","authors":["C.E. Aalseth","Fabio Acerbi","P. Agnes","I. F. M. Albuquerque","T. Alexander","A. Alici","Andrew Knight Alton","P. Antonioli","S. Arcelli","Raffaele Ardito","I. J. Arnquist","David M. Asner","M. Ave","H.O. Back","Ana Isabel Barrado","Giovanni Batignani","E. Bertoldo","S. Bettarini","M.G. Bisogni","V. Bocci","A. Bondar","Giuseppe Bonfini","Walter Marcello Bonivento","M. Bossa","Bianca Bottino"],"author_count":100,"year":2018,"published":"2018-03-01","venue":"The European Physical Journal Plus","cited_by":616,"doi":"10.1140/epjp/i2018-11973-4","arxiv_id":"1707.08145","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/i2018-11973-4","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1707.08145","updated":"2017-07-25","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2742012545","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1707.08145","abstract":"Building on the successful experience in operating the DarkSide-50 detector, the DarkSide Collaboration is going to construct DarkSide-20k, a direct WIMP search detector using a two-phase Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) with an active (fiducial) mass of 23 t (20 t). The DarkSide-20k LArTPC will be deployed within a shield/veto with a spherical Liquid Scintillator Veto (LSV) inside a cylindrical Water Cherenkov Veto (WCV). Operation of DarkSide-50 demonstrated a major reduction in the dominant $^{39}$Ar background when using argon extracted from an underground source, before applying pulse shape analysis. Data from DarkSide-50, in combination with MC simulation and analytical modeling, shows that a rejection factor for discrimination between electron and nuclear recoils of $\\gt3\\times10^9$ is achievable. This, along with the use of the veto system, is the key to unlocking the path to large LArTPC detector masses, while maintaining an \"instrumental background-free\" experiment, an experiment in which less than 0.1 events (other than $ν$-induced nuclear recoils) is expected to occur within the WIMP search region during the planned exposure. DarkSide-20k will have ultra-low backgrounds than can be measured in situ. This will give sensitivity to WIMP-nucleon cross sections of $1.2\\times10^{-47}$ cm$^2$ ($1.1\\times10^{-46}$ cm$^2$) for WIMPs of $1$ TeV$/c^2$ ($10$ TeV$/c^2$) mass, to be achieved during a 5 yr run producing an exposure of 100 t yr free from any instrumental background. DarkSide-20k could then extend its operation to a decade, increasing the exposure to 200 t yr, reaching a sensitivity of $7.4\\times10^{-48}$ cm$^2$ ($6.9\\times10^{-47}$ cm$^2$) for WIMPs of $1$ TeV$/c^2$ ($10$ TeV$/c^2$) mass.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":"other-oa","is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1008.1783","kind":"article","title":"Constraints on dark matter from colliders","authors":["Jessica Goodman","Masahiro Ibe","Arvind Rajaraman B","William Shepherd","Tim M. P. Tait","Hai-Bo Yu"],"author_count":6,"year":2010,"published":"2010-12-27","venue":"Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields","cited_by":630,"doi":"10.1103/physrevd.82.116010","arxiv_id":"1008.1783","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.82.116010","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1008.1783","updated":"2011-04-01","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2137827547","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1008.1783","abstract":"We show that colliders can impose strong constraints on models of dark matter, in particular when the dark matter is light. We analyze models where the dark matter is a fermion or scalar interacting with quarks and/or gluons through an effective theory containing higher dimensional operators which represent heavier states that have been integrated out of the effective field theory. We determine bounds from existing Tevatron searches for monojets as well as expected LHC reaches for a discovery. We find that colliders can provide information which is complementary or in some cases even superior to experiments searching for direct detection of dark matter through its scattering with nuclei. In particular, both the Tevatron and the LHC can outperform spin dependent searches by an order of magnitude or better over much of parameter space, and if the dark matter couples mainly to gluons, the LHC can place bounds superior to any spin independent search.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1108.5383","kind":"article","title":"Direct detection of sub-GeV dark matter","authors":["Rouven Essig","Jeremy Mardon","Tomer Volansky A"],"author_count":3,"year":2012,"published":"2012-04-09","venue":"Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields","cited_by":621,"doi":"10.1103/physrevd.85.076007","arxiv_id":"1108.5383","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.85.076007","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1108.5383","updated":"2012-03-01","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2161138561","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1108.5383","abstract":"Direct detection strategies are proposed for dark matter particles with MeV to GeV mass. In this largely unexplored mass range, dark matter scattering with electrons can cause single-electron ionization signals, which are detectable with current technology. Ultraviolet photons, individual ions, and heat are interesting alternative signals. Focusing on ionization, we calculate the expected dark matter scattering rates and estimate the sensitivity of possible experiments. Backgrounds that may be relevant are discussed. Theoretically interesting models can be probed with existing technologies, and may even be within reach using ongoing direct detection experiments. Significant improvements in sensitivity should be possible with dedicated experiments, opening up a window to new regions in dark matter parameter space.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1306.4710","kind":"article","title":"Update on scalar singlet dark matter","authors":["James M. Cline","Pat Scott","Kimmo Kainulainen","Christoph Weniger"],"author_count":4,"year":2013,"published":"2013-09-27","venue":"Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields","cited_by":581,"doi":"10.1103/physrevd.88.055025","arxiv_id":"1306.4710","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.88.055025","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1306.4710","updated":"2015-08-05","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2010410835","pdf_url":"http://link.aps.org/pdf/10.1103/PhysRevD.88.055025","abstract":"One of the simplest models of dark matter is that where a scalar singlet field S comprises some or all of the dark matter, and interacts with the standard model through an HHSS coupling to the Higgs boson. We update the present limits on the model from LHC searches for invisible Higgs decays, the thermal relic density of S, and dark matter searches via indirect and direct detection. We point out that the currently allowed parameter space is on the verge of being significantly reduced with the next generation of experiments. We discuss the impact of such constraints on possible applications of scalar singlet dark matter, including a strong electroweak phase transition, and the question of vacuum stability of the Higgs potential at high scales.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1903.03026","kind":"article","title":"Direct Detection of WIMP Dark Matter: Concepts and Status","authors":["Marc Schumann"],"author_count":1,"year":2019,"published":"2019-03-07","venue":"J. Phys. G46 (2019) no.10, 103003","cited_by":555,"doi":"10.1088/1361-6471/ab2ea5","arxiv_id":"1903.03026","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.03026","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1903.03026","updated":"2019-07-04","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2921592783","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1903.03026","abstract":"The existence of dark matter as evidenced by numerous indirect observations is one of the most important indications that there must be physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. This article reviews the concepts of direct detection of dark matter in the form of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) in ultra-sensitive detectors located in underground laboratories, discusses the expected signatures, detector concepts, and how the stringent low-background requirements are achieved. Finally, it summarizes the current status of the field and provides an outlook on the years to come.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["astro-ph.CO","astro-ph.IM","hep-ph","physics.ins-det"],"details":null,"provenance":"arxiv+openalex","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1203.3542","kind":"article","title":"The effective field theory of dark matter direct detection","authors":["A. Liam Fitzpatrick","W. C. Haxton","Emanuel Katz","Nicholas Lubbers","Yiming Xu"],"author_count":5,"year":2013,"published":"2013-02-05","venue":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","cited_by":576,"doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2013/02/004","arxiv_id":"1203.3542","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2013/02/004","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1203.3542","updated":"2012-08-28","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2223525360","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1475-7516/2013/02/004/pdf","abstract":"We extend and explore the general non-relativistic effective theory of dark matter (DM) direct detection. We describe the basic non-relativistic building blocks of operators and discuss their symmetry properties, writing down all Galilean-invariant operators up to quadratic order in momentum transfer arising from exchange of particles of spin 1 or less. Any DM particle theory can be translated into the coefficients of an effective operator and any effective operator can be simply related to most general description of the nuclear response. We find several operators which lead to novel nuclear responses. These responses differ significantly from the standard minimal WIMP cases in their relative coupling strengths to various elements, changing how the results from different experiments should be compared against each other. Response functions are evaluated for common DM targets - F, Na, Ge, I, and Xe - using standard shell model techniques. We point out that each of the nuclear responses is familiar from past studies of semi-leptonic electroweak interactions, and thus potentially testable in weak interaction studies. We provide tables of the full set of required matrix elements at finite momentum transfer for a range of common elements, making a careful and fully model-independent analysis possible. Finally, we discuss embedding non-relativistic effective theory operators into UV models of dark matter.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1306.6088","kind":"article","title":"New Observables for Direct Detection of Axion Dark Matter","authors":["Peter W. Graham","Surjeet Rajendran"],"author_count":2,"year":2013,"published":"2013-06-25","venue":"Physical Review D 88, 035023 (2013)","cited_by":373,"doi":"10.1103/physrevd.88.035023","arxiv_id":"1306.6088","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1306.6088","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1306.6088","updated":"2013-09-03","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2024217972","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1306.6088","abstract":"We propose new signals for the direct detection of ultralight dark matter such as the axion. Axion or axion like particle (ALP) dark matter may be thought of as a background, classical field. We consider couplings for this field which give rise to observable effects including a nuclear electric dipole moment, and axial nucleon and electron moments. These moments oscillate rapidly with frequencies accessible in the laboratory, ~ kHz to GHz, given by the dark matter mass. Thus, in contrast to WIMP detection, instead of searching for the hard scattering of a single dark matter particle, we are searching for the coherent effects of the entire classical dark matter field. We calculate current bounds on such time varying moments and consider a technique utilizing NMR methods to search for the induced spin precession. The parameter space probed by these techniques is well beyond current astrophysical limits and significantly extends laboratory probes. Spin precession is one way to search for these ultralight particles, but there may well be many new types of experiments that can search for dark matter using such time-varying moments.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["hep-ph","astro-ph.CO","hep-ex"],"details":null,"provenance":"arxiv+openalex","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:0907.0018","kind":"article","title":"A novel determination of the local dark matter density","authors":["Riccardo Catena","Piero Ullio"],"author_count":2,"year":2010,"published":"2010-08-01","venue":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","cited_by":568,"doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2010/08/004","arxiv_id":"0907.0018","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2010/08/004","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:0907.0018","updated":"2009-07-30","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2033128759","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1475-7516/2010/08/004/pdf","abstract":"We present a novel study on the problem of constructing mass models for the Milky Way, concentrating on features regarding the dark matter halo component. We have considered a variegated sample of dynamical observables for the Galaxy, including several results which have appeared recently, and studied a 7- or 8-dimensional parameter space - defining the Galaxy model - by implementing a Bayesian approach to the parameter estimation based on a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. The main result of this analysis is a novel determination of the local dark matter halo density which, assuming spherical symmetry and either an Einasto or an NFW density profile is found to be around 0.39 GeV cm$^{-3}$ with a 1-$σ$ error bar of about 7%; more precisely we find a $ρ_{DM}(R_0) = 0.385 \\pm 0.027 \\rm GeV cm^{-3}$ for the Einasto profile and $ρ_{DM}(R_0) = 0.389 \\pm 0.025 \\rm GeV cm^{-3}$ for the NFW. This is in contrast to the standard assumption that $ρ_{DM}(R_0)$ is about 0.3 GeV cm$^{-3}$ with an uncertainty of a factor of 2 to 3. A very precise determination of the local halo density is very important for interpreting direct dark matter detection experiments. Indeed the results we produced, together with the recent accurate determination of the local circular velocity, should be very useful to considerably narrow astrophysical uncertainties on direct dark matter detection.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1711.10981","kind":"article","title":"Direct detection of a break in the teraelectronvolt cosmic-ray spectrum of electrons and positrons","authors":["G. Ambrosi","B. Bertucci","M. Duranti","D. D’Urso","S. Garrappa","M. Ionica","V. Vagelli","Qi An","H S Chen","J. N. Dong","C. Q. Feng","Fengxia Gan","Sida Gao","G. S. Huang","D. Jiang","Xiaodong Jin","S. B. Liu","S. Y.","Z. T. Shen","C Wang","Qi Wang","Y. F. Wang","Y. F. Wei","Wu Lc","Z. Z. Xu"],"author_count":100,"year":2017,"published":"2017-11-28","venue":"Nature","cited_by":536,"doi":"10.1038/nature24475","arxiv_id":"1711.10981","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/nature24475","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1711.10981","updated":"2017-11-29","pmid":"29186110","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2770270630","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1711.10981","abstract":"High energy cosmic ray electrons plus positrons (CREs), which lose energy quickly during their propagation, provide an ideal probe of Galactic high-energy processes and may enable the observation of phenomena such as dark-matter particle annihilation or decay. The CRE spectrum has been directly measured up to $\\sim 2$ TeV in previous balloon- or space-borne experiments, and indirectly up to $\\sim 5$ TeV by ground-based Cherenkov $γ$-ray telescope arrays. Evidence for a spectral break in the TeV energy range has been provided by indirect measurements of H.E.S.S., although the results were qualified by sizeable systematic uncertainties. Here we report a direct measurement of CREs in the energy range $25~{\\rm GeV}-4.6~{\\rm TeV}$ by the DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) with unprecedentedly high energy resolution and low background. The majority of the spectrum can be properly fitted by a smoothly broken power-law model rather than a single power-law model. The direct detection of a spectral break at $E \\sim0.9$ TeV confirms the evidence found by H.E.S.S., clarifies the behavior of the CRE spectrum at energies above 1 TeV and sheds light on the physical origin of the sub-TeV CREs.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1308.0338","kind":"article","title":"Asymmetric Dark Matter: Theories, signatures, and constraints","authors":["Kathryn M. Zurek"],"author_count":1,"year":2013,"published":"2013-12-12","venue":"Physics Reports","cited_by":543,"doi":"10.1016/j.physrep.2013.12.001","arxiv_id":"1308.0338","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2013.12.001","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1308.0338","updated":"2013-11-19","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2114165334","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1308.0338","abstract":"We review theories of Asymmetric Dark Matter (ADM), their cosmological implications and detection. While there are many models of ADM in the literature, our review of existing models will center on highlighting the few common features and important mechanisms for generation and transfer of the matter-anti-matter asymmetry between dark and visible sectors. We also survey ADM hidden sectors, the calculation of the relic abundance for ADM, and how the DM asymmetry may be erased at late times through oscillations. We consider cosmological constraints on ADM from the cosmic microwave background, neutron stars, the Sun, and brown and white dwarves. Lastly, we review indirect and direct detection methods for ADM, collider signatures, and constraints.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1803.00993","kind":"article","title":"Supernova 1987A constraints on sub-GeV dark sectors, millicharged particles, the QCD axion, and an axion-like particle","authors":["Jae Hyeok Chang","Rouven Essig","Samuel D. McDermott"],"author_count":3,"year":2018,"published":"2018-09-01","venue":"Journal of High Energy Physics","cited_by":490,"doi":"10.1007/jhep09(2018)051","arxiv_id":"1803.00993","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep09(2018)051","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1803.00993","updated":"2018-09-17","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2790232391","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/JHEP09(2018)051.pdf","abstract":"We consider the constraints from Supernova 1987A on particles with small couplings to the Standard Model. We discuss a model with a fermion coupled to a dark photon, with various mass relations in the dark sector; millicharged particles; dark-sector fermions with inelastic transitions; the hadronic QCD axion; and an axion-like particle that couples to Standard Model fermions with couplings proportional to their mass. In the fermion cases, we develop a new diagnostic for assessing when such a particle is trapped at large mixing angles. Our bounds for a fermion coupled to a dark photon constrain small couplings and masses <200 MeV, and do not decouple for low fermion masses. They exclude parameter space that is otherwise unconstrained by existing accelerator-based and direct-detection searches. In addition, our bounds are complementary to proposed laboratory searches for sub-GeV dark matter, and do not constrain several \"thermal\" benchmark-model targets. For a millicharged particle, we exclude charges between 10^(-9) to a few times 10^(-6) in units of the electron charge; this excludes parameter space to higher millicharges and masses than previous bounds. For the QCD axion and an axion-like particle, we apply several updated nuclear physics calculations and include the energy dependence of the optical depth to accurately account for energy loss at large couplings. We rule out a hadronic axion of mass between 0.1 and a few hundred eV, or equivalently bound the PQ scale between a few times 10^4 and 10^8 GeV, closing the hadronic axion window. For an axion-like particle, our bounds disfavor decay constants between a few times 10^5 GeV up to a few times 10^8 GeV. In all cases, our bounds differ from previous work by more than an order of magnitude across the entire parameter space. We also provide estimated systematic errors due to the uncertainties of the progenitor.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":"cc-by","is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1404.1938","kind":"article","title":"The local dark matter density","authors":["Justin I. Read"],"author_count":1,"year":2014,"published":"2014-05-12","venue":"Journal of Physics G Nuclear and Particle Physics","cited_by":489,"doi":"10.1088/0954-3899/41/6/063101","arxiv_id":"1404.1938","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0954-3899/41/6/063101","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1404.1938","updated":"2014-06-13","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2149961863","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0954-3899/41/6/063101/pdf","abstract":"I review current efforts to measure the mean density of dark matter near the Sun. This encodes valuable dynamical information about our Galaxy and is also of great importance for 'direct detection' dark matter experiments. I discuss theoretical expectations in our current cosmology; the theory behind mass modelling of the Galaxy; and I show how combining local and global measures probes the shape of the Milky Way dark matter halo and the possible presence of a 'dark disc'. I stress the strengths and weaknesses of different methodologies and highlight the continuing need for detailed tests on mock data - particularly in the light of recently discovered evidence for disequilibria in the Milky Way disc. I highlight several recent measurements in order of increasing data complexity and prior, and, correspondingly, decreasing formal error bars. Comparing these measurements with spherical extrapolations from the Milky Way's rotation curve, I show that the Milky Way is consistent with having a spherical dark matter halo at the Solar position R0. The very latest measures based on ~10,000 stars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey appear to favour little halo flattening at R0, suggesting that the Galaxy has a rather weak dark matter disc, with a correspondingly quiescent merger history [Abridged].","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."},{"id":"arxiv:1305.4939","kind":"article","title":"REVIEW OF ASYMMETRIC DARK MATTER","authors":["KALLIOPI PETRAKI","RAYMOND R. VOLKAS"],"author_count":2,"year":2013,"published":"2013-07-30","venue":"International Journal of Modern Physics A","cited_by":488,"doi":"10.1142/s0217751x13300287","arxiv_id":"1305.4939","nct_id":null,"source_url":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x13300287","archive_url":"https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:1305.4939","updated":"2013-08-01","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"W2074905738","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1305.4939","abstract":"Asymmetric dark matter models are based on the hypothesis that the present-day abundance of dark matter has the same origin as the abundance of ordinary or visible matter: an asymmetry in the number densities of particles and antiparticles. They are largely motivated by the observed similarity in the mass densities of dark and visible matter, with the former observed to be about five times the latter. This review discusses the construction of asymmetric dark matter models, summarizes cosmological and astrophysical implications and bounds, and touches on direct detection prospects and collider signatures.","abstract_license":"CC0-1.0 (arXiv descriptive metadata)","license":null,"is_open_access":true,"peer_reviewed":null,"categories":["Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena"],"details":null,"provenance":"openalex+arxiv","attribution":"Abstract: arXiv descriptive metadata (CC0). Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. This service was not reviewed or approved by, nor does it necessarily express or reflect the policies or opinions of, arXiv."}],"next":"https://space-kitty.com/api/v1/topics/dark-matter/papers?sort=top&limit=25&offset=25"}