# Lipopolyplex-formulated mRNA cancer vaccine elicits strong neoantigen-specific T cell responses and antitumor activity

Article · Ting Fan, Congcong Xu, Jichuan Wu, Yihua Cai, Wanlu Cao, Haifa Shen, Mingna Zhang, Hanfei Zhu, Jingxian Yang, Zhounan Zhu, Xiaopin Ma, Jiale Ren, Lei Huang, Qianyun Li, Yuying Tang, Bo Yu, Chunxiu Chen, Mingcheng Xu, Qiuhe Wang, Zhuya Xu, Fengjia Chen, Shujing Liang, Zhixian Zhong, Anmbreen Jamroze, Dean G. Tang and 2 more

- Archive id: doi:10.1126/sciadv.adn9961
- Published: 2024-10-11
- Venue: Science Advances
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adn9961
- PMID: 39392882
- PMCID: PMC11468906
- Citations: 61
- Source URL: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adn9961
- PDF: https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC11468906/pdf
- Provenance: openalex+europepmc

## Abstract

mRNA neoantigen cancer vaccine inducing neoantigen-specific T cell responses holds great promise for cancer immunotherapy; however, its clinical translation remains challenging because of suboptimal neoantigen prediction accuracy and low delivery efficiency, which compromise the in vivo therapeutic efficacy. We present a lipopolyplex (LPP)-formulated mRNA cancer vaccine encoding tandem neoantigens as a cancer therapeutic regimen. The LPP-formulated mRNA vaccines elicited robust neoantigen-specific CD8 + T cell responses in three syngeneic murine tumor models (CT26, MC38, and B16F10) to suppress tumor growth. Prophylactic cancer vaccine treatment completely prevented tumor development, and long-lasting memory T cells protected mice from tumor cell rechallenge. Combining the vaccine with immune checkpoint inhibitor further boosted the antitumor activity. Of note, LPP-based personalized cancer vaccine was administered in two cancer patients and induced meaningful neoantigen-specific T cell and clinical responses. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the LPP-based mRNA vaccine can elicit strong antitumor immune responses, and the results support further clinical evaluation of the therapeutic mRNA cancer vaccine.

_Abstract reproduced under CC-BY (article license as recorded by Europe PMC; abstract reproduced unmodified apart from markup removal)._

Topics: [mRNA Therapeutics & Cancer Vaccines](https://space-kitty.com/topics/mrna-cancer-vaccines)

Cited in dossiers:
- [mRNA Therapeutics & Cancer Vaccines: State of the Field (October 2026)](https://space-kitty.com/dossiers/mrna-cancer-vaccines)

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