# Alzheimer's, Parkinson's & Neurodegeneration Domain: Advanced Medicine · 355 papers indexed · newest 2026-10-28 Anti-amyloid antibodies, plasma p-tau biomarkers, alpha-synuclein seed amplification, antisense therapies for ALS and emerging disease-modifying strategies. Key concepts: Alzheimer, neurodegeneration ## Most influential - **[Lecanemab in Early Alzheimer’s Disease](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1056/nejmoa2212948)**. Christopher H. van Dyck, Chad J. Swanson, Paul S. S. Aisen et al. · 2022 · New England Journal of Medicine (doi:10.1056/nejmoa2212948 · 5,673 citations). Source: - **[Recent advances in Alzheimer’s disease: mechanisms, clinical trials and new drug development strategies](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1038/s41392-024-01911-3)**. Jifa Zhang, Yinglu Zhang, Jiaxing Wang et al. · 2024 · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy (doi:10.1038/s41392-024-01911-3 · 1,176 citations). Source: > Alzheimer's disease (AD) stands as the predominant form of dementia, presenting significant and escalating global challenges. Its etiology is intricate and diverse, stemming from a combination of factors such as aging, genetics, and environment. Our current understanding of AD pathologies involves various hypotheses, such as the cholinergic, amyloid, tau protein, inflammatory, oxidative stress, metal ion, glutamate excitotoxicity, microbiota-gut-brain axis, and abnormal autophagy. Nonetheless, unraveling the interplay among these pathological aspects and pinpointing the primary initiators of A… > _Abstract excerpt by Jifa Zhang et al., CC-BY, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-024-01911-3; truncated._ - **[Diagnostic Accuracy of a Plasma Phosphorylated Tau 217 Immunoassay for Alzheimer Disease Pathology](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.5319)**. Ashton NJ, Brum WS, Di Molfetta G et al. · 2024 · JAMA neurology (doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.5319 · 770 citations). Source: > Importance Phosphorylated tau (p-tau) is a specific blood biomarker for Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology, with p-tau217 considered to have the most utility. However, availability of p-tau217 tests for research and clinical use has been limited. Expanding access to this highly accurate AD biomarker is crucial for wider evaluation and implementation of AD blood tests. Objective To determine the utility of a novel and commercially available immunoassay for plasma p-tau217 to detect AD pathology and evaluate reference ranges for abnormal amyloid β (Aβ) and longitudinal change across 3 selected coh… > _Abstract excerpt by Ashton NJ et al., CC-BY, https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.5319; truncated._ - **[Lecanemab: Appropriate Use Recommendations](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.14283/jpad.2023.30)**. Jeffrey L. Cummings, Liana G. Apostolova, Gil Dan Rabinovici et al. · 2023 · The Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer s Disease (doi:10.14283/jpad.2023.30 · 960 citations). Source: > Lecanemab (Leqembi®) is approved in the United States for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) to be initiated in early AD (mild cognitive impairment \[MCI\] due to AD or mild AD dementia) with confirmed brain amyloid pathology. Appropriate Use Recommendations (AURs) are intended to help guide the introduction of new therapies into real-world clinical practice. Community dwelling patients with AD differ from those participating in clinical trials. Administration of lecanemab at clinical trial sites by individuals experienced with monoclonal antibody therapy also differs from the community c… > _Abstract excerpt by Jeffrey L. Cummings et al., CC-BY, https://doi.org/10.14283/jpad.2023.30; truncated._ - **[A randomized, double-blind, phase 2b proof-of-concept clinical trial in early Alzheimer’s disease with lecanemab, an anti-Aβ protofibril antibody](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1186/s13195-021-00813-8)**. Chad J. Swanson, Yong Zhang, Shobha Dhadda et al. · 2021 · Alzheimer s Research & Therapy (doi:10.1186/s13195-021-00813-8 · 844 citations). Source: > BACKGROUND: Lecanemab (BAN2401), an IgG1 monoclonal antibody, preferentially targets soluble aggregated amyloid beta (Aβ), with activity across oligomers, protofibrils, and insoluble fibrils. BAN2401-G000-201, a randomized double-blind clinical trial, utilized a Bayesian design with response-adaptive randomization to assess 3 doses across 2 regimens of lecanemab versus placebo in early Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild AD dementia. METHODS: BAN2401-G000-201 aimed to establish the effective dose 90% (ED90), defined as the simplest dose that … > _Abstract excerpt by Chad J. Swanson et al., CC-BY, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-021-00813-8; truncated._ - **[Highly accurate blood test for Alzheimer's disease is similar or superior to clinical cerebrospinal fluid tests](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1038/s41591-024-02869-z)**. Barthélemy NR, Salvadó G, Schindler SE et al. · 2024 · Nature medicine (doi:10.1038/s41591-024-02869-z · 449 citations). Source: > With the emergence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) disease-modifying therapies, identifying patients who could benefit from these treatments becomes critical. In this study, we evaluated whether a precise blood test could perform as well as established cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tests in detecting amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and tau tangles. Plasma %p-tau217 (ratio of phosporylated-tau217 to non-phosphorylated tau) was analyzed by mass spectrometry in the Swedish BioFINDER-2 cohort (n = 1,422) and the US Charles F. and Joanne Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Knight ADRC) cohort (n = 337). Match… > _Abstract excerpt by Barthélemy NR et al., CC-BY, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-024-02869-z; truncated._ - **[Plasma p-tau231: a new biomarker for incipient Alzheimer's disease pathology](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1007/s00401-021-02275-6)**. Ashton NJ, Pascoal TA, Karikari TK et al. · 2021 · Acta neuropathologica (doi:10.1007/s00401-021-02275-6 · 615 citations). Source: > The quantification of phosphorylated tau in biofluids, either cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or plasma, has shown great promise in detecting Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology. Tau phosphorylated at threonine 231 (p-tau231) is one such biomarker in CSF but its usefulness as a blood biomarker is currently unknown. Here, we developed an ultrasensitive Single molecule array (Simoa) for the quantification of plasma p-tau231 which was validated in four independent cohorts (n = 588) in different settings, including the full AD continuum and non-AD neurodegenerative disorders. Plasma p-tau231 was ab… > _Abstract excerpt by Ashton NJ et al., CC-BY, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-021-02275-6; truncated._ - **[Plasma p-tau231 and p-tau217 as state markers of amyloid-β pathology in preclinical Alzheimer's disease](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1038/s41591-022-01925-w)**. Milà-Alomà M, Ashton NJ, Shekari M et al. · 2022 · Nature medicine (doi:10.1038/s41591-022-01925-w · 534 citations). Source: > Blood biomarkers indicating elevated amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology in preclinical Alzheimer's disease are needed to facilitate the initial screening process of participants in disease-modifying trials. Previous biofluid data suggest that phosphorylated tau231 (p-tau231) could indicate incipient Aβ pathology, but a comprehensive comparison with other putative blood biomarkers is lacking. In the ALFA+ cohort, all tested plasma biomarkers (p-tau181, p-tau217, p-tau231, GFAP, NfL and Aβ42/40) were significantly changed in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. However, plasma p-tau231 reached abnormal levels… > _Abstract excerpt by Milà-Alomà M et al., CC-BY, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-01925-w; truncated._ - **[Anti-Amyloid Monoclonal Antibodies for the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1007/s40259-023-00633-2)**. Jeffrey L. Cummings, Amanda M. Leisgang Osse, Davis Cammann et al. · 2023 · BioDrugs (doi:10.1007/s40259-023-00633-2 · 377 citations). Source: - **[Lecanemab, Aducanumab, and Gantenerumab — Binding Profiles to Different Forms of Amyloid-Beta Might Explain Efficacy and Side Effects in Clinical Trials for Alzheimer's Disease](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1007/s13311-022-01308-6)**. Linda Söderberg, Malin Johannesson, Patrik Nygren et al. · 2022 · Neurotherapeutics (doi:10.1007/s13311-022-01308-6 · 433 citations). Source: > Immunotherapy against amyloid-beta (Aβ) is a promising option for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ exists as various species, including monomers, oligomers, protofibrils, and insoluble fibrils in plaques. Oligomers and protofibrils have been shown to be toxic, and removal of these aggregates might represent an effective treatment for AD. We have characterized the binding properties of lecanemab, aducanumab, and gantenerumab to different Aβ species with inhibition ELISA, immunodepletion, and surface plasmon resonance. All three antibodies bound monomers with low affinity. However, … > _Abstract excerpt by Linda Söderberg et al., CC-BY, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13311-022-01308-6; truncated._ - **[Differential roles of Aβ42/40, p-tau231 and p-tau217 for Alzheimer's trial selection and disease monitoring](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1038/s41591-022-02074-w)**. Ashton NJ, Janelidze S, Mattsson-Carlgren N et al. · 2022 · Nature medicine (doi:10.1038/s41591-022-02074-w · 420 citations). Source: > Blood biomarkers indicative of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology are altered in both preclinical and symptomatic stages of the disease. Distinctive biomarkers may be optimal for the identification of AD pathology or monitoring of disease progression. Blood biomarkers that correlate with changes in cognition and atrophy during the course of the disease could be used in clinical trials to identify successful interventions and thereby accelerate the development of efficient therapies. When disease-modifying treatments become approved for use, efficient blood-based biomarkers might also inform on… > _Abstract excerpt by Ashton NJ et al., CC-BY, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-022-02074-w; truncated._ - **[Lecanemab in patients with early Alzheimer’s disease: detailed results on biomarker, cognitive, and clinical effects from the randomized and open-label extension of the phase 2 proof-of-concept study](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1186/s13195-022-01124-2)**. Eric McDade, Jeffrey L. Cummings, Shobha Dhadda et al. · 2022 · Alzheimer s Research & Therapy (doi:10.1186/s13195-022-01124-2 · 306 citations). Source: > BACKGROUND: Lecanemab, a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that targets soluble aggregated Aβ species (protofibrils), has demonstrated robust brain fibrillar amyloid reduction and slowing of clinical decline in early AD. The objective of this analysis is to report results from study 201 blinded period (core), the open-label extension (OLE), and gap period (between core and OLE) supporting the effectiveness of lecanemab. METHODS: The lecanemab study 201 core was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of 856 patients randomized to one of five dose regimens or placebo. An OLE of st… > _Abstract excerpt by Eric McDade et al., CC-BY, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-022-01124-2; truncated._ - **[The AHEAD 3‐45 Study: Design of a prevention trial for Alzheimer's disease](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1002/alz.12748)**. Michael S. Rafii, Reisa Anne Sperling, Michael Donohue et al. · 2022 · Alzheimer s & Dementia (doi:10.1002/alz.12748 · 291 citations). Source: - **[Clinical trials of new drugs for Alzheimer disease: a 2020–2023 update](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1186/s12929-023-00976-6)**. Li‐Kai Huang, Yi‐Chun Kuan, Ho-Wei Lin et al. · 2023 · Journal of Biomedical Science (doi:10.1186/s12929-023-00976-6 · 252 citations). Source: > Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia, presenting a significant unmet medical need worldwide. The pathogenesis of AD involves various pathophysiological events, including the accumulation of amyloid and tau, neuro-inflammation, and neuronal injury. Clinical trials focusing on new drugs for AD were documented in 2020, but subsequent developments have emerged since then. Notably, the US-FDA has approved Aducanumab and Lecanemab, both antibodies targeting amyloid, marking the end of a nearly two-decade period without new AD drugs. In this comprehensive report, we review all tr… > _Abstract excerpt by Li‐Kai Huang et al., CC-BY, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12929-023-00976-6; truncated._ - **[Prediction of Longitudinal Cognitive Decline in Preclinical Alzheimer Disease Using Plasma Biomarkers](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2022.5272)**. Mattsson-Carlgren N, Salvadó G, Ashton NJ et al. · 2023 · JAMA neurology (doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2022.5272 · 295 citations). Source: > Importance Alzheimer disease (AD) pathology starts with a prolonged phase of β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation without symptoms. The duration of this phase differs greatly among individuals. While this disease phase has high relevance for clinical trial designs, it is currently unclear how to best predict the onset of clinical progression. Objective To evaluate combinations of different plasma biomarkers for predicting cognitive decline in Aβ-positive cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals. Design, setting, and participants This prospective population-based prognostic study evaluated data from 2 pr… > _Abstract excerpt by Mattsson-Carlgren N et al., CC-BY, https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2022.5272; truncated._ ## Newest - **[Data Amount Heterogeneity Improves Performance in Federated Learning for Neuroimaging](https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:2610.38172)**. Paul Kurian, Tamoghna Chattopadhyay, Abhijith Shaji et al. · 2026 (arXiv:2610.38172). Source: - **[Tau isoform mapping across tissues and biofluids reveals a signature distinguishing Alzheimer's disease from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1038/s41467-026-78390-3)**. Abu-Rumeileh S, Großkopf H, Guthknecht A et al. · 2026 · Nature communications (doi:10.1038/s41467-026-78390-3). Source: - **[Associations Between Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease and Sleep in Cognitively Unimpaired Older Adults](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1002/acn3.70562)**. Sauter C, Dorn H, Hellmann-Regen J et al. · 2026 · Annals of clinical and translational neurology (doi:10.1002/acn3.70562). Source: - **[Serum p-tau181 and p-tau217 levels in adolescents and adults with 5q spinal muscular atrophy](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1007/s00415-026-14194-1)**. Stapf CD, Uzelac Z, Iterbeke L et al. · 2026 · Journal of neurology (doi:10.1007/s00415-026-14194-1). Source: - **[Cross-disorder Learning of Imaging-derived Joint Mophometric Markers in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases](https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:2610.27150)**. Yuji Zhao, Boris Gutman · 2026 (arXiv:2610.27150). Source: - **[A Two-Stage Plasma Biomarker Algorithm Reduces Amyloid PET Use and the p-Tau217 Gray Zone](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1002/acn3.70560)**. Parankusham H, Vanderlip C, Birkenbihl C et al. · 2026 · Annals of clinical and translational neurology (doi:10.1002/acn3.70560). Source: - **[Exercise promotes lipophagy and mitigates cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease through downregulating microglial TMEM9](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1186/s40035-026-00583-z)**. Zhang L, Li S, Ma X et al. · 2026 · Translational neurodegeneration (doi:10.1186/s40035-026-00583-z). Source: - **[Baseline MRI markers and clinical outcomes during anti-amyloid β therapy: A real-world study in a Japanese dementia center](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.1016/j.tjpad.2026.100686)**. Kujuro Y, Saito M, Maruko M et al. · 2026 · The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease (doi:10.1016/j.tjpad.2026.100686). Source: - **[Fluid Biomarkers for the Antemortem Detection of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A Critical Review](https://space-kitty.com/papers/doi:10.3390/neurolint18100195)**. Shatirishvili N · 2026 · Neurology international (doi:10.3390/neurolint18100195). Source: - **[Transferable conditional brain charts link cortico-subcortical structure to Alzheimer's disease progression](https://space-kitty.com/papers/arxiv:2610.21660)**. Nitin Sharma, Sicheng Dai, Francesco A. Mallus et al. · 2026 (arXiv:2610.21660). Source: ## Clinical trials - **[Screening Study to Determine Individuals With Potential Trial Eligibility for Alzheimer's Disease Studies](https://space-kitty.com/papers/nct:NCT07177352)**. Hoffmann-La Roche · 2025 · ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT07177352). Source: - **[Epidemiology and Biomarker Study in Alzheimer's Disease](https://space-kitty.com/papers/nct:NCT07142954)**. Eli Lilly and Company · 2025 · ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT07142954). Source: - **[Phase III Trial of A COVID-19 Vaccine of Adenovirus Vector in Adults 18 Years Old and Above](https://space-kitty.com/papers/nct:NCT04526990)**. CanSino Biologics Inc. · 2020 · ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04526990). Source: - **[Preventing Alzheimer's With Cognitive Training](https://space-kitty.com/papers/nct:NCT03848312)**. University of South Florida · 2019 · ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03848312). Source: - **[A Clinical Study of Sacituzumab Tirumotecan (Sac-TMT, MK-2870) in People With Breast Cancer (MK-2870-032)](https://space-kitty.com/papers/nct:NCT06966700)**. Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC · 2025 · ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06966700). Source: - **[Biomarker Qualification for Risk of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) Due to Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Safety and Efficacy Evaluation of Pioglitazone in Delaying Its Onset](https://space-kitty.com/papers/nct:NCT01931566)**. Takeda · 2013 · ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT01931566). Source: - **[A Donanemab (LY3002813) Study in Participants With Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease (TRAILBLAZER-ALZ 3)](https://space-kitty.com/papers/nct:NCT05026866)**. Eli Lilly and Company · 2021 · ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05026866). Source: - **[Ginkgo Biloba Prevention Trial in Older Individuals](https://space-kitty.com/papers/nct:NCT00010803)**. National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) · 2001 · ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00010803). Source: --- Space Kitty Archive · https://space-kitty.com · API: https://space-kitty.com/api/v1 · MCP: https://space-kitty.com/mcp · Premium: $0.20/request via x402 (Base Sepolia (testnet)). Metadata: arXiv (CC0), OpenAlex (CC0), Europe PMC (CC BY/CC0 works), ClinicalTrials.gov.