# Topics 66 topics across 11 domains. ## Artificial Intelligence - [LLM Architectures & Pretraining](https://space-kitty.com/topics/llm-architectures) (309 papers): How frontier language models are built: transformer variants, mixture-of-experts, state-space and hybrid models, long-context attention, tokenization and pretraining recipes. - [Scaling Laws & Compute-Optimal Training](https://space-kitty.com/topics/scaling-laws) (205 papers): Empirical laws relating loss and capability to parameters, data and compute; data-constrained and synthetic-data scaling; emergent abilities and their measurement. - [Reasoning Models & Test-Time Compute](https://space-kitty.com/topics/reasoning-models) (233 papers): Chain-of-thought, reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards, process reward models and test-time scaling behind modern reasoning models. - [AI Alignment & Safety](https://space-kitty.com/topics/alignment-safety) (238 papers): RLHF and its successors, constitutional and preference optimization methods, scalable oversight, dangerous-capability evaluations, reward hacking and deceptive behavior. - [Mechanistic Interpretability](https://space-kitty.com/topics/interpretability) (234 papers): Reverse-engineering neural networks: superposition, sparse autoencoders and transcoders, circuits and attribution graphs, probing and activation steering. - [LLM Agents & Tool Use](https://space-kitty.com/topics/ai-agents) (240 papers): Agents that plan and act: tool and function calling, computer-use and coding agents, multi-agent systems, agent benchmarks and agent protocols. - [Generative & Multimodal Models](https://space-kitty.com/topics/generative-multimodal) (273 papers): Diffusion and flow-matching models, vision-language models, video generation and learned world models. - [Efficient Training & Inference](https://space-kitty.com/topics/efficient-ai) (253 papers): Quantization, distillation, sparsity, speculative decoding, KV-cache compression and IO-aware kernels that make frontier models cheaper to train and serve. - [AI for Science](https://space-kitty.com/topics/ai-for-science) (250 papers): Machine learning that accelerates discovery: protein structure, machine-learned force fields, materials discovery, weather and autonomous laboratories. - [Robot Learning & Embodied AI](https://space-kitty.com/topics/robotics-embodied) (264 papers): Vision-language-action models, large-scale imitation learning, sim-to-real transfer, dexterous manipulation and humanoid control. ## Quantum Computing & Information - [Quantum Error Correction & Fault Tolerance](https://space-kitty.com/topics/quantum-error-correction) (279 papers): Surface codes and qLDPC codes, below-threshold logical qubits, real-time decoding, magic-state distillation and cultivation, and resource estimates for fault tolerance. - [Superconducting Quantum Processors](https://space-kitty.com/topics/superconducting-qubits) (253 papers): Transmon, fluxonium and bosonic cat qubits; coherence, gate fidelity, leakage, cosmic-ray errors, packaging and scaling of superconducting processors. - [Neutral-Atom & Trapped-Ion Quantum Computing](https://space-kitty.com/topics/atoms-and-ions) (242 papers): Rydberg atom arrays, reconfigurable logical processors, QCCD trapped-ion architectures, high-fidelity gates and mid-circuit measurement. - [Photonic, Spin & Topological Qubits](https://space-kitty.com/topics/photonic-topological-qubits) (238 papers): Photonic fusion-based architectures and GKP states, silicon spin qubits, and Majorana-based topological qubits including the evidence debate. - [Quantum Algorithms & Quantum Advantage](https://space-kitty.com/topics/quantum-algorithms-advantage) (182 papers): Factoring and chemistry resource estimates, quantum simulation algorithms, random-circuit sampling, verifiable advantage and the classical-simulation counterattack. - [Quantum Networks & Post-Quantum Cryptography](https://space-kitty.com/topics/quantum-communication-crypto) (254 papers): Quantum key distribution, repeaters and entanglement distribution, and the migration to NIST post-quantum standards (ML-KEM, ML-DSA, SLH-DSA). - [Quantum Sensing & Metrology](https://space-kitty.com/topics/quantum-sensing) (219 papers): NV-center magnetometry, optical lattice and nuclear clocks, squeezed light in gravitational-wave detectors and atom interferometry. ## Fundamental & Quantum Physics - [Quantum Foundations](https://space-kitty.com/topics/quantum-foundations) (244 papers): Loophole-free Bell tests, the measurement problem, contextuality, Wigner's-friend scenarios and experimental tests of collapse models. - [Quantum Many-Body Physics & Simulation](https://space-kitty.com/topics/many-body-quantum-simulation) (219 papers): Thermalization and its breakdown, many-body localization, quantum scars, discrete time crystals and analog quantum simulators. - [Topological Phases & Anyons](https://space-kitty.com/topics/topological-matter) (249 papers): Topological insulators and semimetals, fractional Chern insulators, the fractional quantum anomalous Hall effect in moire materials and non-Abelian anyons. - [Particle Physics & Beyond the Standard Model](https://space-kitty.com/topics/particle-physics-bsm) (231 papers): Higgs precision, the muon g-2 saga, neutrino masses and oscillations, flavor anomalies and collider searches for new physics. - [Quantum Gravity & Holography](https://space-kitty.com/topics/quantum-gravity-holography) (248 papers): AdS/CFT, the black-hole information problem and islands, entanglement and the emergence of spacetime, and de Sitter quantum gravity. - [Gravitational-Wave Astronomy](https://space-kitty.com/topics/gravitational-waves) (275 papers): LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA compact-binary catalogs, multimessenger neutron-star mergers, the nanohertz pulsar-timing background and tests of general relativity. ## Superconductivity & Quantum Materials - [Cuprates & the Pairing Mechanism](https://space-kitty.com/topics/cuprate-mechanism) (235 papers): High-Tc cuprates, the Hubbard model and its numerics, the pseudogap, strange-metal transport, charge order and d-wave pairing. - [Nickelate & Iron-Based Superconductors](https://space-kitty.com/topics/nickelates-iron-based) (236 papers): Infinite-layer and Ruddlesden-Popper nickelates (including La3Ni2O7 under pressure and ambient-pressure films) and iron pnictides and chalcogenides. - [Superconducting Hydrides Under Pressure](https://space-kitty.com/topics/hydride-superconductors) (237 papers): H3S, LaH10 and ternary hydrides; diamond-anvil-cell measurement challenges, reproducibility disputes and the search for metastable low-pressure hydrides. - [Room-Temperature Superconductivity Claims & Replication](https://space-kitty.com/topics/room-temperature-claims) (232 papers): High-profile claims (LK-99, retracted hydride papers) and replication efforts; the evidentiary standard of zero resistance plus a bulk Meissner effect. - [Moire & 2D Superconductivity](https://space-kitty.com/topics/moire-superconductivity) (245 papers): Magic-angle graphene, twisted transition-metal dichalcogenides, rhombohedral multilayer graphene and chiral or unconventional 2D superconductivity. - [Topological Superconductivity & Majorana Modes](https://space-kitty.com/topics/topological-superconductivity) (240 papers): Majorana zero modes in nanowires, Kitaev chains, vortex-bound states in iron-based materials and the reproducibility debate. - [Applied Superconductivity & HTS Magnets](https://space-kitty.com/topics/applied-superconductivity) (240 papers): REBCO coated conductors, 20-tesla-class fusion magnets, MRI, power cables, superconducting RF cavities and superconducting electronics. - [Computational & AI-Driven Superconductor Discovery](https://space-kitty.com/topics/superconductor-discovery) (252 papers): Ab initio Eliashberg predictions, machine-learning Tc models and high-throughput screening for new conventional and unconventional superconductors. ## Advanced Medicine - [Cancer Immunotherapy](https://space-kitty.com/topics/cancer-immunotherapy) (288 papers): Immune checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T and TIL cell therapies including solid tumors, T-cell engagers and bispecifics, and antibody-drug conjugates. - [mRNA Therapeutics & Cancer Vaccines](https://space-kitty.com/topics/mrna-cancer-vaccines) (223 papers): Personalized neoantigen mRNA vaccines, lipid-nanoparticle delivery, self-amplifying and circular RNA and mRNA therapeutics beyond infectious disease. - [CRISPR & Gene-Editing Therapies](https://space-kitty.com/topics/gene-editing-therapies) (264 papers): Approved and investigational CRISPR-Cas9 therapies, base and prime editing, in vivo LNP-delivered editing and bespoke editing for ultra-rare disease. - [Gene & Cell Therapy](https://space-kitty.com/topics/gene-cell-therapy) (232 papers): AAV and lentiviral gene therapy, in vivo CAR-T, iPSC- and stem-cell-derived replacement therapies such as islets and dopaminergic neurons. - [GLP-1 & Incretin Therapies](https://space-kitty.com/topics/glp1-metabolic) (230 papers): Semaglutide, tirzepatide and next-generation incretin agonists; obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular, renal, liver and neuropsychiatric outcomes. - [Alzheimer's, Parkinson's & Neurodegeneration](https://space-kitty.com/topics/neurodegeneration) (354 papers): Anti-amyloid antibodies, plasma p-tau biomarkers, alpha-synuclein seed amplification, antisense therapies for ALS and emerging disease-modifying strategies. - [Biology of Aging & Longevity](https://space-kitty.com/topics/aging-longevity) (305 papers): Hallmarks of aging, senolytics, epigenetic clocks, partial reprogramming, mTOR and other geroprotective interventions. - [Infectious Disease, Vaccines & Antimicrobial Resistance](https://space-kitty.com/topics/infectious-disease-amr) (253 papers): New antibiotic classes and AI-discovered antibiotics, phage therapy, long-acting HIV prevention and next-generation vaccines. - [AI in Clinical Medicine](https://space-kitty.com/topics/ai-medicine) (254 papers): Validated diagnostic AI, medical large language models, AI-discovered drug candidates in clinical trials and evidence standards for clinical deployment. - [Cardiovascular Therapeutics](https://space-kitty.com/topics/cardiovascular-innovation) (252 papers): Lipoprotein(a)-lowering drugs, siRNA and gene-editing approaches to LDL cholesterol, CETP inhibition and other cardiovascular advances. ## Biotechnology & Life Sciences - [AI Protein Design & Structure Prediction](https://space-kitty.com/topics/protein-design) (323 papers): AlphaFold and successors, diffusion-based protein design, inverse folding and de novo binders and enzymes. - [Single-Cell & Spatial Omics](https://space-kitty.com/topics/single-cell-spatial) (354 papers): Single-cell atlases, spatial transcriptomics and proteomics, perturbation screens and foundation models of cells. - [Synthetic Biology & Genome Engineering](https://space-kitty.com/topics/synthetic-biology) (317 papers): Synthetic genomes, genetic circuits, cell-free systems, genome writing and biomanufacturing, plus biosafety and governance considerations. - [Organoids & Organ-on-Chip](https://space-kitty.com/topics/organoids) (228 papers): Brain and tissue organoids, assembloids, organ-on-chip platforms and their use in disease modeling and drug testing. ## Neuroscience & Brain-Computer Interfaces - [Brain-Computer Interfaces](https://space-kitty.com/topics/brain-computer-interfaces) (280 papers): Speech and handwriting neuroprostheses, high-channel-count intracortical arrays, endovascular and minimally invasive BCIs and closed-loop stimulation. - [Connectomics & Brain Mapping](https://space-kitty.com/topics/connectomics) (338 papers): Whole-brain connectomes, cubic-millimeter cortical reconstructions, expansion microscopy and brain-wide cell atlases. - [NeuroAI & Computational Neuroscience](https://space-kitty.com/topics/neuroai) (227 papers): Neural networks as models of the brain, predictive coding, neural population dynamics and foundation models trained on neural data. - [Novel Psychiatric Therapeutics](https://space-kitty.com/topics/psychiatric-therapeutics) (359 papers): Psychedelic-assisted therapy, muscarinic antipsychotics, neurosteroids, rapid-acting antidepressants and accelerated neuromodulation. ## Fusion, Energy & Climate - [Magnetic Confinement Fusion](https://space-kitty.com/topics/magnetic-fusion) (246 papers): Tokamaks and stellarators, ITER, compact high-field devices, plasma confinement records and machine-learning plasma control. - [Inertial Confinement Fusion](https://space-kitty.com/topics/inertial-fusion) (244 papers): Ignition and target gain at the National Ignition Facility, implosion physics and laser and pulsed-power drivers. - [Next-Generation Batteries](https://space-kitty.com/topics/next-gen-batteries) (247 papers): Solid-state electrolytes, lithium-metal and silicon anodes, sodium-ion chemistries and machine-learning degradation prediction. - [Perovskite & Tandem Photovoltaics](https://space-kitty.com/topics/advanced-photovoltaics) (249 papers): Perovskite solar-cell efficiency and stability, perovskite-silicon and all-perovskite tandems and scale-up. - [AI Weather & Climate Modeling](https://space-kitty.com/topics/ai-weather-climate) (247 papers): Machine-learning weather prediction (GraphCast, GenCast, Aurora), hybrid climate models (NeuralGCM) and kilometer-scale simulation. - [Carbon Dioxide Removal](https://space-kitty.com/topics/carbon-removal) (97 papers): Direct air capture sorbents and costs, enhanced rock weathering, ocean alkalinity enhancement and monitoring, reporting and verification. ## Materials & Nanotechnology - [2D Materials & Van der Waals Heterostructures](https://space-kitty.com/topics/2d-materials) (248 papers): Graphene and transition-metal dichalcogenides, 2D magnets, moire excitons and van der Waals device engineering. - [Semiconductor Device Frontiers](https://space-kitty.com/topics/semiconductor-frontiers) (220 papers): Gate-all-around and 2D-channel transistors, backside power delivery, advanced packaging and in-memory and neuromorphic hardware. - [Metamaterials, Nanophotonics & Integrated Photonics](https://space-kitty.com/topics/metamaterials-photonics) (239 papers): Metasurfaces, thin-film lithium niobate, integrated photonic circuits and optical computing for AI. ## Astrophysics & Cosmology - [Dark Energy & Cosmological Tensions](https://space-kitty.com/topics/dark-energy-hubble-tension) (233 papers): DESI baryon acoustic oscillations and evolving dark energy hints, the Hubble tension, S8 and the status of Lambda-CDM. - [JWST & the Early Universe](https://space-kitty.com/topics/early-universe-jwst) (247 papers): High-redshift galaxy discoveries, little red dots, early supermassive black holes and reionization as seen by JWST. - [Exoplanets & Biosignatures](https://space-kitty.com/topics/exoplanets-biosignatures) (245 papers): JWST exoplanet atmospheres, temperate sub-Neptunes and rocky worlds, and the debate over claimed biosignature gases. - [Black Holes & Event Horizon Imaging](https://space-kitty.com/topics/black-hole-physics) (238 papers): Event Horizon Telescope images of M87* and Sgr A*, polarization and spin measurements and black-hole ringdown tests. - [Dark Matter Searches](https://space-kitty.com/topics/dark-matter) (253 papers): WIMP direct detection (LZ, XENONnT, PandaX), axion haloscopes, primordial black holes and astrophysical constraints. ## Mathematics & Theoretical Computer Science - [AI for Mathematics & Formal Proof](https://space-kitty.com/topics/ai-mathematics) (226 papers): Lean and Mathlib, autoformalization, neural theorem proving, olympiad-level systems and AI-assisted discovery in mathematics. - [Landmark Results in Pure Mathematics](https://space-kitty.com/topics/landmark-math-results) (228 papers): Recent major theorems and their status: geometric Langlands, Kakeya in three dimensions, sphere packing, the unknotting-number additivity counterexample and more. - [Algorithms & Complexity Breakthroughs](https://space-kitty.com/topics/algorithms-complexity) (192 papers): Almost-linear-time max flow, shortest paths beyond Dijkstra's sorting barrier, matrix multiplication exponent improvements and space-time simulation results. --- Space Kitty Archive · https://space-kitty.com · API: https://space-kitty.com/api/v1 · MCP: https://space-kitty.com/mcp · Premium: $0.20/request via x402 (Base Sepolia (testnet)). Metadata: arXiv (CC0), OpenAlex (CC0), Europe PMC (CC BY/CC0 works), ClinicalTrials.gov.